ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2011
Vitamin D status in relation to obesity, bone mineral density, bone turnover markers and vitamin D receptor genotypes in healthy Saudi pre- and postmenopausal women.
Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body Mass Index, Vitamin D, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Relationship between vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and bone health.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2011Pooled it
- The Effect of a 12-Week Health Training Program on Selected Anthropometric and Biochemical Variables in Middle-Aged Women.BioMed research international · 2017Trial
- Comparison of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and body composition in obese premenopausal and postmenopausal women.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Osteoporosis: molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Vitamin D Levels and Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Turkish Women According to Regions and Age Groups.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Bridging east and west: integrative approaches to obesity management through traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Association of vitamin D levels with anthropometric and adiposity indicators across all age groups: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Obesity and Skeletal Fragility.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- Osteoporosis and Obesity.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2023Review
- Article
- Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Mental Health in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Effect of Ramadan Intermittent Fasting on Food Intake, Anthropometric Indices, and Metabolic Markers among Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Evidence That Increasing Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations to 30 ng/mL in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates Could Greatly Improve Health Outcomes.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- A High Dose, Not Low Dose, of Vitamin D Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Saudi Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- General and abdominal obesity operate differently as influencing factors of fracture risk in old adults.iScience · 2022Article
- Article
- Nutrient supplementation among pregnant women in China: an observational study.Public health nutrition · 2022Observational
- Obesity and Bone: A Complex Relationship.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Directly measured free and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in relation to metabolic health in multi-ethnic postmenopausal females in Saudi Arabia.Endocrine connections · 2021Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledThe various factors that may contribute to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency were examined among healthy Saudi pre- and postmenopausal women. Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among studied Saudi women with obesity, poor sunlight exposure, poor dietary vitamin D supplementation and age as the main risk factors.
introductionThe various factors that may contribute to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in relation to bone health among Saudi women are not known. The main objectives of the present study were to determine the factors influencing vitamin D status in relation to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone turnover markers (BTMs), bone mineral density (BMD), and vitamin D receptor genotype (VDR) in healthy Saudi pre- and postmenopausal women.
methodsA total number of 1,172 healthy Saudi women living in the Jeddah area were randomly selected and studied. Anthropometric parameters, socioeconomic status, sun exposure index together with serum levels of 25(OH)D, calcitriol, intact PTH, Ca, PO4, Mg, creatinine, albumin, and biochemical BTMs were measured. BMD was measured by a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and VDR genotypes were also determined.
resultsAbout 80.0% of Saudi women studied exhibited vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D<50.0 nmol/L) with only 11.8% of all women were considered with adequate vitamin D status (serum 25(OH)D>75 nmol/L). Secondary hyperparathyroidism was evident in 18.5% and 24.6% in pre- and postmenopausal women with 25(OH)D<50 nmol/L. Serum 25(OH)D was lower (P<0.001) and intact PTH higher (P<0.001) in the upper quintiles of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI, sun exposure index, poor dietary vitamin D supplementation, WHR, and age were independent positive predictors of serum 25(OH)D values.
conclusionsVitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among healthy Saudi pre-and postmenopausal women and largely attributed to obesity, poor exposure to sunlight, poor dietary vitamin D supplementation, and age.
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