ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2010
Cryptococci at the brain gate: break and enter or use a Trojan horse?
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- FunVFPred: Predicting fungal virulence factors using a unified representation learning model.iScience · 2026Article
- Cryptococcal Infection Across Disease Stages: Host-Pathogen Interactions, Tissue Niches, and Translational Priorities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Role of Microbial Toxins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights and Future Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Histone demethylase LSD1 regulates lipid homeostasis duringiScience · 2025Article
- Human Brain Organoids: A New Model to StudyJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Roles of TLR9: Gatekeeper to fungal infections.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Elements of dissemination in cryptococcosis.mBio · 2024Review
- Cryptococcosis and Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Narrative Review and the Up-to-Date Management Approach.Cureus · 2024Review
- The emerging links between immunosenescence in innate immune system and neurocryptococcosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Alternatively activated lung alveolar and interstitial macrophages promote fungal growth.iScience · 2023Article
- Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: From Clinical Studies to Animal Experiments.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Protective interaction of human phagocytic APC subsets withFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerationFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Cholesterol and sphingomyelin are critical for Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans by macrophages.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2021Article
- Fungal Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Quantitative analysis reveals internalisation of Cryptococcus neoformans by brain endothelial cells in vivo.Cellular microbiology · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of fungal dissemination.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Dexamethasone and Methylprednisolone Promote Cell Proliferation, Capsule Enlargement, andFrontiers in fungal biology · 2021Article
- The Interactions BetweenFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Nutritional Conditions ModulateMicroorganisms · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The mechanism by which Cryptococcus neoformans invades the central nervous system is fundamental for understanding pathogenesis because cryptococcosis commonly presents as meningoencephalitis. There is evidence for both direct invasion of the endothelial cells lining the brain vasculature and a "Trojan horse" mechanism whereby cryptococci enter the central nervous system after macrophage ingestion. However, in this issue of the JCI, Shi et al. use intravital microscopy to reveal that brain invasion by C. neoformans follows a capillary microembolic event. They find that after suddenly stopping in brain capillaries, cryptococci cross into the central nervous system in a process that is urease dependent, requires viability, and involves cellular deformation. This observation provides evidence for direct brain invasion by C. neoformans, but a consideration of all the currently available evidence suggests a role for both direct and phagocyte-associated invasion. Hence, the remarkable neurotropism of C. neoformans may have more than one mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.