ArticleBMC genetics2010
Multiple rearrangements in cryptic species of electric knifefish, Gymnotus carapo (Gymnotidae, Gymnotiformes) revealed by chromosome painting.
Article in BMC genetics, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA barcoding uncovers two putative new species in Trachelyopterus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae).Journal of fish biology · 2026Article
- Molecular and cytogenetic data for Rhamphichthys Müller and Troschel, 1848 (Rhamphichthyidae - Gymnotiformes): Evidence of chromosomal differentiation in R. heleios, R. hahni, R. rostratus and R. pantherinus.Genetics and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Cytogenetics of Neotropical fishes: Patterns, advances and prospects after five decades of research.Genetics and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Whole chromosome painting in two populations of the weakly electric fish Gymnotus mamiraua (Teleostei, Gymnotiformes).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Chromosome Painting inFrontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Karyotype description and comparative chromosomal mapping of rDNA and U2 snDNA sequences inComparative cytogenetics · 2022Article
- Evolutionary breakpoint regions and chromosomal remodeling in Harttia (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) species diversification.Genetics and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Article
- Analysis of multiple chromosomal rearrangements in the genome of Willisornis vidua using BAC-FISH and chromosome painting on a supposed conserved karyotype.BMC ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Comparative Cytogenetics Analysis AmongFrontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Evolution of the parthenogenetic rock lizard hybrid karyotype: Robertsonian translocation between two maternal chromosomes in Darevskia rostombekowi.Chromosoma · 2020Article
- Emerging patterns of genome organization in Notopteridae species (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) as revealed by Zoo-FISH and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH).Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Comparative Cytogenetics and Neo-Y Formation in Small-Sized Fish Species of the Genus Pyrrhulina (Characiformes, Lebiasinidae).Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- Karyotypic Diversity and Evolution in a Sympatric Assemblage of Neotropical Electric Knifefish.Frontiers in genetics · 2018Article
- Extensive Karyotype Reorganization in the FishFrontiers in genetics · 2018Article
- Discovering Hidden Diversity of Characins (Teleostei: Characiformes) in Ecuador's Yasuní National Park.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
- Chromosomal diversity in three species of electric fish (Apteronotidae, Gymnotiformes) from the Amazon Basin.Genetics and molecular biology · 2014Article
- Karyotypic similarities between two species of Rhamphichthys (Rhamphichthyidae, Gymnotiformes) from the Amazon basin.Comparative cytogenetics · 2013Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGymnotus (Gymnotidae, Gymnotiformes) is the Neotropical electric fish genus with the largest geographic distribution and the largest number of species, 33 of which have been validated. The diploid number varies from 2n = 39-40 to 2n = 54. Recently we studied the karyotype of morphologically indistinguishable samples from five populations of G. carapo sensu stricto from the Eastern Amazon of Brazil. We found two cytotypes, 2n = 42 (30 M/SM + 12 ST/A) and 2n = 40 (34 M/SM + 6 ST/A) and we concluded that the differences between the two cryptic species are due to pericentric inversions and one tandem fusion.
resultsIn this study we use for the first time, whole chromosome probes prepared by FACS of the Gymnotus carapo sensu strictu species, cytotype with 2n = 42. Using two color hybridizations we were able to distinguish pairs 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20 and 21. It was not possible to separate by FACS and distinguish each of the following chromosome pairs even with dual color FISH: {4,8}; {10,11}; {5,6,17}; {12,13,15}. The FISH probes were then used in chromosome painting experiments on metaphases of the 2n = 40 cytotype. While some chromosomes show conserved synteny, others are rearranged in different chromosomes. Eight syntenic associations were found.
conclusionsThese results show that the karyotype differences between these cryptic species are greater than assumed by classical cytogenetics. These data reinforce the previous supposition that these two cytotypes are different species, despite the absence of morphological differences. Additionally, the homology of repetitive DNA between the two provides evidence of recent speciation.
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