ReviewClinical and experimental immunology2010
99th Dahlem conference on infection, inflammation and chronic inflammatory disorders: controversial aspects of the 'hygiene hypothesis'.
Review in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Homo sapiens, industrialisation and the environmental mismatch hypothesis.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Geohelminths: Use in the Treatment of Selected Human Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Why has epidemiology not (yet) succeeded in identifying the origin of the asthma epidemic?International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- The increase in allergic conditions based on a review of literature.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2023Review
- A short history from Karelia study to biodiversity and public health interventions.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Review
- The Environmental Microbiome, Allergic Disease, and Asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Respiratory tract infections in children with allergic asthma on allergen immunotherapy during influenza season.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- First evaluation of a symbiotic food supplement in an allergen exposure chamber in birch pollen allergic patients.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2021Article
- The Role of Diet Diversity and Diet Indices on Allergy Outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Review
- Chinese guideline on sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and asthma.Journal of thoracic disease · 2019Review
- Inflammation and infections in asthma.The clinical respiratory journal · 2015Review
- Adaptation in the innate immune system and heterologous innate immunity.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2014Review
- Does Candida albicans Als5p amyloid play a role in commensalism in Caenorhabditis elegans?Eukaryotic cell · 2013Article
- Broadening the translational immunology landscape.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2012Article
- Article
- Does urban asthma exist? How climatic changes and urban air pollution intervene on asthma and respiratory allergy.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2011Article
- 99th Dahlem conference on infection, inflammation and chronic inflammatory disorders: lifestyle changes affecting the host-environment interface.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The 'hygiene hypothesis' proposes that the epidemic of allergic and autoimmune diseases is due to changes in the interactions between humans and the microbes of their ecosystem. This theory apparently does not explain (i) why allergic asthma is rising in 'unhygienic' American inner cities; (ii) why allergic diseases are less prevalent among migrants' children living in European big cities; (iii) why infections with airborne viruses do not 'protect' from allergic sensitization; (iv) why the inverse association between some infections (e.g. hepatitis A virus) and allergic diseases has been reproduced in some populations, but not in others; and (v) why probiotics are not effective in the prevention and therapy of allergic diseases. These challenging questions are useful starting points to improve our understanding of the hypothesis, and to identify among the infectious agents those really responsible for a protective influence against atopic and autoimmune diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.