ArticleJournal of biosciences2010
The evolutionary history of testicular externalization and the origin of the scrotum.
Article in Journal of biosciences, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolutionary relaxation and functional change of INSL3 and RXFP2 may underlie natural cryptorchidism in mammals.EMBO reports · 2025Article
- The essential calcium channel of sperm CatSper is temperature-gated.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Comparative Analyses Reveal Conserved and Modified Steps in the Testis Descent and Scrotum Development in Mouse and Opossum.Cells, tissues, organs · 2025Article
- Therian origin of INSL3/RXFP2-driven testicular descent in mammals.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparative genomics reveals molecular mechanisms underlying health and reproduction in cryptorchid mammals.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Understanding how environmental factors influence reproductive aspects of wild myomorphic and hystricomorphic rodents.Animal reproduction · 2021Review
- Rapid evolution and molecular convergence in cryptorchidism-related genes associated with inherently undescended testes in mammals.BMC ecology and evolution · 2021Article
- Article
- Favus of Scrotum Due to Trichophyton rubrum in Immunocompetent Patients: A Clinical, Mycological and Ultrastructural Study.Mycopathologia · 2019Article
- Reappraising the exteriorization of the mammalian testes through evolutionary physiology.Communicative & integrative biology · 2019Review
- Independent erosion of conserved transcription factor binding sites points to shared hindlimb, vision and external testes loss in different mammals.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- Loss of RXFP2 and INSL3 genes in Afrotheria shows that testicular descent is the ancestral condition in placental mammals.PLoS biology · 2018Article
- Testis-enriched heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2): Adaptive advantages of the birds with internal testes over the mammals with testicular descent.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Effects of reproductive status and high ambient temperatures on the body temperature of a free-ranging basoendotherm.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2014Article
- Hypothesis: gonadal temperature influences sex-specific imprinting.Frontiers in genetics · 2014Article
- Testicular torsion in the inguinal region in an extremely low birth weight infant.Korean journal of pediatrics · 2010Article
- Assessment of Cinnamaldehyde's Potency on Heat Stress-induced Testicular Impairments in Wistar Rats.Journal of human reproductive sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This paper re-examines the evolution of the scrotum and testicular descent in the context of the recent phylogeny of mammals. The adaptive significance of testicular descent and scrotality is briefly discussed. We mapped four character states reflecting the position of testes and presence of scrotum onto recent mammalian phylogeny. Our results are interpreted as follows: as to the presence of testicondy in Monotremata and most of Atlantogenata, which represent the basal group of all eutherians, we argue that primary testicondy represents a plesiomorphic condition for Eutheria as well as for all mammals. This is in opposition to the previous hypothesis of Werdelin and Nilsonne that the scrotum may have evolved before the origin of mammals and then repeatedly disappeared in many groups including monotremes. We suggest that the scrotum evolved at least twice during the evolutionary history of mammals, within Marsupialia and Boreoeutheria, and has subsequently been lost by many groups; this trend is especially strong in Laurasiatheria. We suggest that the recent diversity in testicular position within mammals is the result of multiple selection pressures stemming from the need to provide conditions suitable for sperm development and storage, or to protect the male gonads from excessive physical and physiological disturbance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
20413907What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.