ArticleGene therapy2010
Phosphorothioate cap analogs increase stability and translational efficiency of RNA vaccines in immature dendritic cells and induce superior immune responses in vivo.
Article in Gene therapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Nitro Reduction-Based RNA Control and Ultrafast Release.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Minor differences in the untranslated regions of measles vector additional transcription units are reflected by differential immunogenicity of encoded MERS-CoV Spike antigen.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Beyond the Sequence: Chemical and Topological Design and Innovations in mRNA Therapeutics.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- The mRNA-Based Innovative Strategy: Progress and Challenges.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Working towards a single-dose vaccine for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.Future virology · 2026Article
- The 5' Cap Epitranscriptome and Beyond: Natural and Engineered 5' Cap Modifications for Optimizing mRNA Therapeutics and Functional Studies.ChemMedChem · 2026Review
- Circular RNAs: from transcriptional noise to engineered therapeutics.Frontiers in epigenetics and epigenomics · 2026Review
- mRNA therapeutics: Transforming medicine through innovation in design, delivery, and disease treatment.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- RNA chemistry and therapeutics.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- mRNA Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances, Clinical Translation, and Future Perspectives.Current medical science · 2025Review
- Development of a multi-epitope vaccine against Helicobacter pylori using a novel saRNA technology through an immunoinformatics approach.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Compact polyethylenimine-complexed mRNA vaccines.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Article
- From genetic code to global health: the impact of nucleic acid vaccines on disease prevention and treatment.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Robust genome and cell engineering via in vitro and in situ circularized RNAs.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Neoantigen-specific mRNA/DC vaccines for effective anticancer immunotherapy.Genes and immunity · 2024Article
- Trinucleotide cap analogs with triphosphate chain modifications: synthesis, properties, and evaluation as mRNA capping reagents.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Advancements and challenges in mRNA and ribonucleoprotein-based therapies: From delivery systems to clinical applications.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Advances in Nonviral mRNA Delivery Materials and Their Application as Vaccines for Melanoma Therapy.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Review
- mRNA vaccine development and applications: A special focus on tumors (Review).International journal of oncology · 2024Review
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccination with in vitro transcribed RNA coding for tumor antigens is considered a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy and has already entered human clinical testing. One of the basic objectives for development of RNA as a drug is the optimization of immunobioavailability of the encoded antigen in vivo. By analyzing the effect of different synthetic 5' mRNA cap analogs on the kinetics of the encoded protein, we found that m(2)(7,2'-O)Gpp(S)pG (beta-S-ARCA) phosphorothioate caps, in particular the D1 diastereoisomer, profoundly enhance RNA stability and translational efficiency in immature but not mature dendritic cells. Moreover, in vivo delivery of the antigen as beta-S-ARCA(D1)-capped RNA species is superior for protein expression and for efficient priming and expansion of naïve antigen-specific T cells in mice. Our findings establish 5' mRNA cap analogs as yet another module for tuning immunopharmacological properties of recombinant antigen-encoding RNA for vaccination purposes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
20410931What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.