ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2010
Biphasic Aire expression in early embryos and in medullary thymic epithelial cells before end-stage terminal differentiation.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a target of the E3-Ubiquitin ligase Seven-in-absentia homolog 1 (SIAH1).Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
- From Development to Aging: Dynamic Roles of the Thymic Medulla in T Cell Biology.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Deconstructing the Thymic Microenvironment Through Genesis to Senescence.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Thymic Crosstalk: An Overview of the Complex Cellular Interactions that Control the Establishment of T-Cell Tolerance.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Intrathymic Cell Migration: Implications in Thymocyte Development and T Lymphocyte Repertoire Formation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- The Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) Gene, The Master Activator of Self-Antigen Expression in the Thymus.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Generation and repair of thymic epithelial cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Thymic Mimetic Cells: Ontogeny as Immunology.Annual review of cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Assembling the thymus medulla: Development and function of epithelial cell heterogeneity.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Immune tolerance and the prevention of autoimmune diseases essentially depend on thymic tissue homeostasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Learning the Autoimmune Pathogenesis Through the Study of Aire.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Extrathymic AIRE-Expressing Cells: A Historical Perspective.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Investigating Thymic Epithelial Cell Diversity Using Systems Biology.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Review
- Revelations in Thymic Epithelial Cell Biology and Heterogeneity from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Lineage Tracing Methodologies.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Ehf and Fezf2 regulate late medullary thymic epithelial cell and thymic tuft cell development.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Lin28 regulates thymic growth and involution and correlates with MHCII expression in thymic epithelial cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Revisiting Aire and tissue-restricted antigens at single-cell resolution.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Sirt6-mediated epigenetic modification of DNA accessibility is essential for Pou2f3-induced thymic tuft cell development.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Thymocytes trigger self-antigen-controlling pathways in immature medullary thymic epithelial stages.eLife · 2022Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The roles of autoimmune regulator (Aire)-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) in the organization of the thymic microenvironment for establishing self-tolerance are enigmatic. We sought to monitor the production and maintenance of Aire-expressing mTECs by a fate-mapping strategy in which bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic (Tg) mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the Aire regulatory element were crossed with a GFP reporter strain. We found that, in addition to its well recognized expression within mature mTECs, Aire was expressed in the early embryo before emergence of the three germ cell layers. This observation may help to explain the development of ectodermal dystrophy often seen in patients with AIRE deficiency. With the use of one Tg line in which Cre recombinase expression was confined to mTECs, we found that Aire(+)CD80(high) mTECs further progressed to an Aire(-)CD80(intermediate) stage, suggesting that Aire expression is not constitutive from after its induction until cell death but instead is down-regulated at the beginning of terminal differentiation. We also demonstrated that many mTECs of Aire-expressing lineage are in close contact with thymic dendritic cells. This close proximity may contribute to transfer of tissue-restricted self-antigens expressed by mTECs to professional antigen-presenting cells.
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