ArticleMaternal and child health journal2011
Household smoking behavior: effects on indoor air quality and health of urban children with asthma.
Article in Maternal and child health journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improving Adherence in Urban Youth With Asthma: Role of Community Health Workers.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Trial
- Intervening With Smoking Parents of Inpatients to Reduce Exposure: The INSPIRE Randomized Controlled Trial.Academic pediatrics · 2022Trial
- Randomised controlled trial of real-time feedback and brief coaching to reduce indoor smoking.Tobacco control · 2020Trial
- Children with poorly controlled asthma: Randomized controlled trial of a home-based environmental control intervention.Pediatric pulmonology · 2019Trial
- Randomized Trial to Reduce Air Particle Levels in Homes of Smokers and Children.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018Trial
- Salivary cotinine measurement for all children with persistent asthma: spit matters.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2016Trial
- Factors associated with high short-acting β2-agonist use in urban children with asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2015Trial
- Improving preventive care in high risk children with asthma: lessons learned.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2014Trial
- In-unit particulate matter (PM2.5) in a public housing complex and the importance of tobacco and cannabis as indoor pollutants.Indoor environments · 2026Article
- Associations Between Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Atopic Symptoms in Childhood: Effect Modification by Child Sex.Toxics · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Classroom Exposures to Fine Particles, Black Carbon, and Nitrogen Dioxide in Inner-City Schools and Their Implications for Indoor Air Quality.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Ubiquitous atmospheric contamination by tobacco smoke: Nicotine and a new marker for tobacco smoke-derived particulate matter, nicotelline.Environment international · 2021Article
- Social Inequalities in Health Determinants in Spanish Children during the COVID-19 Lockdown.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Energy consumption of using HEPA-based portable air cleaner in residences: A monitoring study in Seattle, US.Energy and buildings · 2021Article
- Association between air pollution and lung development in schoolchildren in China.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2020Article
- Association between second hand smoke (SHS) exposure and caregiver stress in children with poorly controlled asthma.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2019Article
- Downward Neighborhood Poverty Mobility during Childhood Is Associated with Child Asthma: Evidence from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) Survey.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Exploring the barriers and incentive architecture for modifying smoke exposures among asthmatics.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2019Article
- Indoor air quality in inner-city schools and its associations with building characteristics and environmental factors.Environmental research · 2019Article
- Prenatal nitrate air pollution exposure and reduced child lung function: Timing and fetal sex effects.Environmental research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The goal of the study was to examine the association between biomarkers and environmental measures of second hand smoke (SHS) with caregiver, i.e. parent or legal guardian, report of household smoking behavior and morbidity measures among children with asthma. Baseline data were drawn from a longitudinal intervention for 126 inner city children with asthma, residing with a smoker. Most children met criteria for moderate to severe persistent asthma (63%) versus mild intermittent (20%) or mild persistent (17%). Household smoking behavior and asthma morbidity were compared with child urine cotinine and indoor measures of air quality including fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and air nicotine (AN). Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon rank-sum and Spearman rho correlation tests were used to determine the level of association between biomarkers of SHS exposure and household smoking behavior and asthma morbidity. Most children had uncontrolled asthma (62%). The primary household smoker was the child's caregiver (86/126, 68%) of which 66 (77%) were the child's mother. Significantly higher mean PM(2.5), AN and cotinine concentrations were detected in households where the caregiver was the smoker (caregiver smoker: PM(2.5) μg/m(3): 44.16, AN: 1.79 μg/m(3), cotinine: 27.39 ng/ml; caregiver non-smoker: PM(2.5): 28.88 μg/m(3), AN: 0.71 μg/m(3), cotinine:10.78 ng/ml, all P ≤ 0.01). Urine cotinine concentrations trended higher in children who reported 5 or more symptom days within the past 2 weeks (>5 days/past 2 weeks, cotinine: 28.1 ng/ml vs. <5 days/past 2 weeks, cotinine: 16.2 ng/ml; P = 0.08). However, environmental measures of SHS exposures were not associated with asthma symptoms. Urban children with persistent asthma, residing with a smoker are exposed to high levels of SHS predominantly from their primary caregiver. Because cotinine was more strongly associated with asthma symptoms than environmental measures of SHS exposure and is independent of the site of exposure, it remains the gold standard for SHS exposure assessment in children with asthma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.