ReviewMolecular and cellular endocrinology2011
The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids, recent developments and mechanistic insights.
Review in Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 915 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
915 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Steroid avoidance or withdrawal for kidney transplant recipients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of glucocorticoid use in type 1 diabetes: Glycaemic effects and clinical management strategies.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- The significance of perioperative glucocorticoids in the prevention of seroma formation after mastectomies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Pooled it
- Corticosteroid Usage in Modeling Gulf War Illness in Pre-Clinical Models: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Corticosteroids for treatment of leptospirosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Interventional factors influencing natural killer cell immunity in colorectal cancer: a systematic review.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Pooled it
- Physiological Effects of Psychological Interventions Among Persons with Financial Stress: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Introduction to Psychophysiological Economics.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2024Pooled it
- Extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of steroid-refractory immune related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a multi-center phase Ib/II clinical trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Mediators of Filgotinib Treatment Effects in Ulcerative Colitis: Exploring Circulating Biomarkers in the Phase 2b/3 SELECTION Study.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Trial
- Characterizing risk factors for new neurological deficits in children undergoing posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis.Spine deformity · 2026Article
- Balancing inflammation under stress: glucocorticoid regulation of innate immune pathways.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- A transcriptional cofactor GRIP1 drives PPARγ DNA binding and p300-dependent enhancer activity during homeostatic macrophage polarization.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Dementia risk across distinct metabolic profiles in the UK Biobank.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol (CBD) differentially shapes systemic cytokines and transcriptomic profiles in the liver and spleen: insights from a male mouse model.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Myeloid Cells Orchestrates Inflammation Resolution and Muscle Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Role of Chinese Medicine in Treating Pediatric Respiratory Infections: A Comprehensive Review.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Review
- The NF-κB Isoform p65 iso5 Is Associated with Distinct Transcriptional Programs and Signaling Pathways.Cells · 2026Article
855 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since the discovery of glucocorticoids in the 1940s and the recognition of their anti-inflammatory effects, they have been amongst the most widely used and effective treatments to control inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, their clinical efficacy is compromised by the metabolic effects of long-term treatment, which include osteoporosis, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus. In recent years, a great deal of effort has been invested in identifying compounds that separate the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects from the adverse metabolic effects of glucocorticoids, with limited effect. It is clear that for these efforts to be effective, a greater understanding is required of the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids exert their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. Recent research is shedding new light on some of these mechanisms and has produced some surprising new findings. Some of these recent developments are reviewed here.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.