ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2010
Survival after application of automatic external defibrillators before arrival of the emergency medical system: evaluation in the resuscitation outcomes consortium population of 21 million.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07430813 (Drone Delivery of Automated External Defibrillators to Lay Users), which is not on this map. Cited by 150 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Drone Delivery of Automated External Defibrillators to Lay Users (DAEDALUS): A Proof of Concept Study
Who cites it
150 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 530 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- 2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals: From the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology/Heart Rhythm Society/European Heart Rhythm Association/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2021Guideline
- Do Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients Have Increased Chances of Survival When Transported to a Cardiac Resuscitation Center?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Pooled it
- Singapore Defibrillation Guidelines 2016.Singapore medical journal · 2017Guideline
- European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 2. Adult basic life support and use of automated external defibrillators.Resuscitation · 2010Guideline
- Guideline
- Comparative study of virtual and face-to-face training methods on the quality of healthcare services provided by Kermanshah pre-hospital emergency staff (EMS): randomized educational Intervention trial.BMC medical education · 2022Trial
- Effect of Optimized Versus Guidelines-Based Automated External Defibrillator Placement on Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Coverage: An In Silico Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Overcoming Spatial and Temporal Barriers to Public Access Defibrillators Via Optimization.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2016Trial
- Article
- Improving Perceptions, Knowledge, and Skills of Bystander CPR and AED use in the Mandarin-Speaking Immigrant Community.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Dispatcher-assisted AED use in single-rescuer cardiac arrest: study protocol for a randomized simulation study comparing standard and optimized dispatcher-assisted CPR instructions.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Improving bystander CPR and AED training among college students: strategies and barriers.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- Racial and Geographic Disparities in Automated External Defibrillator Use During EMS Encounters in the United States.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional Access to Public Defibrillators and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: A Population-Based Geospatial Analysis in Korea.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Preparedness deserts: a framework for understanding and addressing geographic inequities in bystander response to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Targeted solutions to bridge the gap between sexes in the use of automated external defibrillators.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Bystander placement of automated external defibrillators and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes: a propensity score-matched cohort study between 2021 and 2022.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Public-Access Defibrillation and System Approaches to Minimize Avoidable Delay.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of contemporary automatic external defibrillator (AED) use.
backgroundIn the PAD (Public Access Defibrillation) trial, survival was doubled by focused training of lay volunteers to use an AED in high-risk public settings.
methodsWe performed a population-based cohort study of persons with nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest before emergency medical system (EMS) arrival at Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) sites between December 2005 and May 2007. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the independent association between AED application and survival to hospital discharge.
resultsOf 13,769 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, 4,403 (32.0%) received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation but had no AED applied before EMS arrival, and 289 (2.1%) had an AED applied before EMS arrival. The AED was applied by health care workers (32%), lay volunteers (35%), police (26%), or unknown (7%). Overall survival to hospital discharge was 7%. Survival was 9% (382 of 4,403) with bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation but no AED, 24% (69 of 289) with AED application, and 38% (64 of 170) with AED shock delivered. In multivariable analyses adjusting for: 1) age and sex; 2) bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed; 3) location of arrest (public or private); 4) EMS response interval; 5) arrest witnessed; 6) initial shockable or not shockable rhythm; and 7) study site, AED application was associated with greater likelihood of survival (odds ratio: 1.75; 95% confidence interval: 1.23 to 2.50; p < 0.002). Extrapolating this greater survival from the ROC EMS population base (21 million) to the population of the U.S. and Canada (330 million), AED application by bystanders seems to save 474 lives/year.
conclusionsApplication of an AED in communities is associated with nearly a doubling of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. These results reinforce the importance of strategically expanding community-based AED programs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.