ArticleGenetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics2010
Impact of gene patents and licensing practices on access to genetic testing for long QT syndrome.
Article in Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secular trends of health care resource utilization and costs between Brugada syndrome and congenital long QT syndrome: A territory-wide study.Clinical cardiology · 2023Article
- Predicting Genetic Variation Severity Using Machine Learning to Interpret Molecular Simulations.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Gene Patents in Canada: Is There a New Legal Landscape?Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2018Article
- Gene patents still alive and kicking: their impact on provision of genetic testing for long QT syndrome in the Canadian public health-care system.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2017Article
- Gene patents and personalized cancer care: impact of the Myriad case on clinical oncology.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2013Article
- Commercial landscape of noninvasive prenatal testing in the United States.Prenatal diagnosis · 2013Review
- Cystic Fibrosis Patents: A Case Study of Successful Licensing.LES nouvelles. Licensing Executives Society (U.S.A.) · 2013Article
- Genetics and cardiovascular disease: a policy statement from the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2012Article
- DNA patents and diagnostics: not a pretty picture.Nature biotechnology · 2010Article
- Patents in genomics and human genetics.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Genetic testing for long QT syndrome exemplifies patenting and exclusive licensing with different outcomes at different times. Exclusive licensing from the University of Utah changed the business model from sole provider to two US providers of long QT syndrome testing. Long QT syndrome is associated with mutations in many genes, 12 of which are now tested by two competing firms in the United States, PGxHealth and GeneDx. Until 2009, PGxHealth was the sole provider, based largely on exclusive rights to patents from the University of Utah and elsewhere. University of Utah patents were initially licensed to DNA Sciences, whose patent rights were acquired by Genaissance, and then by Clinical Data, Inc., which owns PGxHealth. In 2002, DNA Sciences, Inc., "cleared the market" by sending cease-and-desist patent enforcement letters to university and reference laboratories offering long QT syndrome genetic testing. There was no test on the market for a 1- to 2-year period. From 2005-2008, most long QT syndrome-related patents were controlled by Clinical Data, Inc., and its subsidiary PGxHealth. Bio-Reference Laboratories, Inc., secured countervailing exclusive patent rights starting in 2006, also from the University of Utah, and broke the PGxHealth monopoly in early 2009, creating a duopoly for genetic testing in the United States and expanding the number of genes for which commercial testing is available from 5 to 12.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.