GuidelineAge and ageing2010
Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.
Guideline in Age and ageing, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 50 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 5,343 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
High-protein Nutritional Intervention Based on β-hydroxy-β-methylbutirate, Vitamin D3 and Calcium on Obese and Lean Aged Patients With Hip Fractures and Sarcopenia. The HIPERPROT-GER Study.
Prevalence and Pathophysiology of Sarcopenia in the Elderly Patient With Hip Fracture. Prospective, Observational Study on Consecutive Series
Resistance Exercise Effect on Physical Performance and Functional Status in Sarcopenic Older Women
Effects and Costs of Preventive Physiotherapy Intervention in Institutionalized Elderly People With Sarcopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial to Assess the Preventive Effects of Cetylpyridinium Chloride on Sarcopenia: An Exploratory Pilot Study
Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial to Assess the Preventive Effects of Cetylpyridinium Chloride on Sarcopenia
Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Its Geriatric Features
The Multidimensional Effects of Exercise and Nutritional Interventions on Musculoskeletal Functioning, Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Age-related Sarcopenia
Design and Implementation of a Nutritional Intervention in Patients With Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. Compared With Traditional Practice: Randomized Clinical Trial, Simple Blind
Effect of a Low Residue Diet in Comparison to the Dietary Recommendations From the INCan: A Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess Malnutrition, Gastrointestinal Toxicity and Quality of Life of Advanced Cervical Cancer Patients (IB2-IVA)
Comparison of High Intensity Interval Body Weight Training Versus Combined Training on Body Composition, Physical Function, Metabolic Risk and Inflammation in Postmenopausal Women With and Without Gynecological Cancer
Sarcopenia and Risk of Fall in Elder Post-menopausal Osteoporotic Women: a Pilot Study
Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Undernutrition in Patients With Cirrhosis and Abdominal Hernia
Effect of Dietary Supplementation With Omega-3 Fatty Acid on the Adaptive Muscular Response to Resistance Training in Sarcopenic Elderly Women
Egg Protein Supplementation for Maintaining Muscle Mass and Function in Older Adults
Evaluation of the SARC-F Score as a Screening Tool for Undernutrition in a Geriatric Population
The Effect of Calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate Supplementation in Sarcopenia in Liver Cirrhosis：A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial
Effect of Resistance Training Variable Manipulation (Intensity and Volume) on Body Composition, Fatigability and Functional Capacity in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors.
The Influence of Cognitive Decline on Quality of Life After Coronary Bypass
Muscular Strength and Aerobic Capacity, a Symbiotic Relationship With Birth Weight and Metabolic Risk of Colombian Scholchildren: Study SIMAC
Relationship Between the Sarcopenia Diagnostic Cut-points and Functionality in Older Adults
The Effect of Using Nutrition Education as an Intervention Measure on Elevating the Nutritional Status, Quality of Life, and Self-Care Behavior of Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
A Preliminary Study of Prevalence of Sarcopenia Among Elderly Living in Care Facilities in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Ultrasound Assessment of Muscle Architecture Before and After the Implementation of a Physical Exercise Regime in the Water in a Frail Elderly Population
Effects of Sarcopenia on Early Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgical Treatment for Gastric Cancer
Elastic-band Resistance Exercise or Vibration Treatment With Hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) Supplement for Sarcopenic Older People
Validation of the Spanish-language Version of the Kihon Checklist to Assess Frailty in Older Adults
Echographic Characteristics of DIaphragm and FEmoral Quadriceps in COPD Patients: Evaluation of Their Relationship With the Lung Function Impairment and the Effect of Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Renal Ageing-sarcopenia Network: a Combined Genetic, Immunological and Psychological Approach to Dissect Frailty
Measuring the Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass in the Hospitalized Patient With the Diagnosis of COVID-19
Influence of Nutritional Status on Rehabilitation Outcome in Subacute Stroke Patients
Impact of the French and International Definitions and the Type of Muscle Assessment Tool on the Prevalence of Undernutrition in Hospitalized Patients
Does the Nutritionist's Educational Intervention Influence Protein Intake in Hospitalized Elderly People?
Frequency of Sarcopenia and Relation With Mortality in Elderly at the Emergency Department
The Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Balance, Falls and Diaphragm Thickness in the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of Individual Physical Activity Programs to Prevent and Slow Progression of Sarcopenia and Frailty Among Thai Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Investigation of the Relationship Between Sarcopenia and Balance, Fear of Falling and Fall Risk in Older Female Patients
Assessment of Sarcopenia and Bone Mineral Density Relation in Hip Fracture Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study by Using STAR Value
Investigation of Respiratory Muscle Sarcopenia in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Effect Of The Presence Of Dynapenia On Posture, Spine Muscle Elasticity, Strength And Endurance In Young Adults
Effect of Diverse Training Programs on Prevention of Sarcopenia in Postmenopausal Women
Ultrasound-based Morphometry for the Development of Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Current and Chronic Diseases
Influence of Sarcopenia on the Course of the Diseases - Measured Using Ultrasound and Biochemical Markers
The Frequency of Osteosarcopenia in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and the Factors Affecting the Sarcopenia-osteoporosis Relationship
The Effects of Moderate Intensity, Time-matched Cycle Ergometer vs. Treadmill Exercise Training on Parameters Associated With Physiological Resilience in Older Adults: A Pilot Study
Investigation of the Effects of Intradialytic Combined Exercises on Dialysis Parameters and Muscle Oxygenation in Sarcopenic Hemodialysis Patients
The Effects of Sarcopenia on Cervical Proprioception, Kinesiophobia and Pressure Pain Threshold in Geriatric Nursing Home Residents
Comparison of Dominant and Non-Dominant Side Muscle Strength Asymmetry in Sarcopenic and Non-Sarcopenic Older Adults
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sarcopenia in Stroke Patients: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Impatto Della Diagnosi di fragilità Sulla tossicità da Terapia in Pazienti Anziani Affetti da Tumore oncoLogIco e onCoEmatologico.
Who cites it
5,343 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11,584 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Exercise Training on the Metabolic Cost of Walking in Health and Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of osteosarcopenia in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Pooled it
- Guideline for the Comprehensive Perioperative Management of Older Patients With Lung Cancer (2025).Journal of evidence-based medicine · 2026Guideline
- Effects of ACSM protocol-compliant exercise on sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC geriatrics · 2026Pooled it
- The intervention effects of resistance exercise on sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Enhancing Sarcopenia-Related Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Exercise Interventions.Obesity surgery · 2026Pooled it
- The burden of sarcopenia in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis across WHO regions.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Outcomes in clinical trials on sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Pooled it
- Polygenic scores and physical fitness prediction: a systematic review.Human genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical importance of simple muscular fitness tests to predict long-term health conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 94 cohort studies.British journal of sports medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Exercise-nutrition prehabilitation attenuates lean body mass loss before gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Trial
- Rifaximin Improves Frailty in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis: A Randomized Trial.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Trial
- Resistance training, but not leucine, increased basal muscle protein synthesis and reversed frailty in older women consuming optimized protein intake.GeroScience · 2026Trial
- Leucine supplementation does not attenuate the decline in daily muscle protein synthesis rates or preserve leg muscle mass during leg immobilization in young or older adults: a double-blind randomized trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Effects of Phenolic-Rich Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Prebiotics on Sarcopenia in Older Adults: FOOP-Sarc Project.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Trial
- The role of early intervention with upper limb rehabilitation robots in upper limb functional reconstruction and improving sarcopenia-related indicators in stroke patients.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of a personalized exercise program on physical function in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis at high risk of sarcopenia: results of a randomized controlled trial.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Trial
- Screening for sarcopenia risk using SARC-F and its relationship with laboratory parameters in primary care.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Study on nutritional status and incidence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with chronic heart failure.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Women With Bipolar Disorder are at Increased Risk of Sarcopenia.Bipolar disorders · 2026Article
5,283 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 13 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) developed a practical clinical definition and consensus diagnostic criteria for age-related sarcopenia. EWGSOP included representatives from four participant organisations, i.e. the European Geriatric Medicine Society, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics-European Region and the International Association of Nutrition and Aging. These organisations endorsed the findings in the final document. The group met and addressed the following questions, using the medical literature to build evidence-based answers: (i) What is sarcopenia? (ii) What parameters define sarcopenia? (iii) What variables reflect these parameters, and what measurement tools and cut-off points can be used? (iv) How does sarcopenia relate to cachexia, frailty and sarcopenic obesity? For the diagnosis of sarcopenia, EWGSOP recommends using the presence of both low muscle mass + low muscle function (strength or performance). EWGSOP variously applies these characteristics to further define conceptual stages as 'presarcopenia', 'sarcopenia' and 'severe sarcopenia'. EWGSOP reviewed a wide range of tools that can be used to measure the specific variables of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Our paper summarises currently available data defining sarcopenia cut-off points by age and gender; suggests an algorithm for sarcopenia case finding in older individuals based on measurements of gait speed, grip strength and muscle mass; and presents a list of suggested primary and secondary outcome domains for research. Once an operational definition of sarcopenia is adopted and included in the mainstream of comprehensive geriatric assessment, the next steps are to define the natural course of sarcopenia and to develop and define effective treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.