ArticleArthritis care & research2010
Separate influences of birth order and gravidity/parity on the development of systemic sclerosis.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pregnancy complications and autoimmune diseases in women: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Connexin 37, 40, 43 and Pannexin 1 Expression in the Gastric Mucosa of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Anti-RBD IgA and IgG Response and Transmission in Breast Milk of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated Mothers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss More Often Have an Older Brother and a Previous Birth of a Boy: Is Male Microchimerism a Risk Factor?Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Birth Characteristics and Risk of Early-Onset Synovial Sarcoma.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020Article
- Risk factors for the development of systemic sclerosis: a systematic review of the literature.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2018Article
- Environmental Basis of Autoimmunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2016Review
- Pregnancy and primary biliary cirrhosis: a case-control study.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2015Article
- Is pregnancy a risk factor for rheumatic autoimmune diseases?Current opinion in rheumatology · 2014Review
- Mood disorders and parity - a clue to the aetiology of the postpartum trigger.Journal of affective disorders · 2014Article
- Birth order and narcolepsy risk among genetically susceptible individuals: a population-based case-control study.Sleep medicine · 2012Article
- Pre-disease pregnancy complications and systemic sclerosis: pathogenic or pre-clinical?Arthritis research & therapy · 2012Article
- Genetics of systemic sclerosis: an update.Current rheumatology reports · 2012Review
- Infancy narcolepsy: Streptococcus infection as a causal factor.Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveBirth order has been valuable in revealing the role of environmental influences on the risk of developing certain diseases such as allergy and atopy. In addition, pregnancy has profound effects on the immune system such as short-term effects that permit fetal survival as well as longer-term effects that could influence late-onset diseases. In order to better evaluate these influences, we studied the association of birth order and gravidity/parity as risk factors for systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma).
methodsData regarding SSc cases and their unaffected sibling controls were obtained from the Scleroderma Family Registry and DNA Repository. The case-sibling design was used to minimize confounding due to differences in age, race, ethnicity, or calendar time. The gravidity/parity analysis was based on sibships with at least one SSc-affected and one unaffected sister.
resultsBirth order was examined in 974 sibships, comparing SSc cases (n = 987) with their unaffected siblings (n = 3,088). The risk of scleroderma increased with increasing birth order (odds ratio [OR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.06-1.50 for birth order 2-5; OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.57-3.15 for birth order 6-9; and OR 3.53, 95% CI 1.68-7.45 for birth order 10-15). Gravidity/parity was analyzed in 168 sibships (256 unaffected sisters, 172 SSc cases). We found an association between a history of one or more pregnancies and SSc (OR 2.8).
conclusionBirth order and pregnancy were independently associated with a higher risk of developing SSc. These findings suggest that immune development in early childhood and/or pregnancy-associated events, including but not limited to microchimerism, plays a role in SSc susceptibility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.