ArticlePhysiological genomics2010
Salmonid genomes have a remarkably expanded akirin family, coexpressed with genes from conserved pathways governing skeletal muscle growth and catabolism.
Article in Physiological genomics, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neighboring Gulf Killifish (Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- N1MΨU-modified mRNA vaccines break the mold in fish by enhancing innate immune activation.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Identification, Expression, Characteristic Analysis, and Immune Function of TwoAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Single cell transcriptomics of Atlantic salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Akirin proteins in development and disease: critical roles and mechanisms of action.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2020Review
- Evolutionary plasticity in the innate immune function of Akirin.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- Functional Evolution of Subolesin/Akirin.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- Evolution and Expression of Tissue Globins in Ray-Finned Fishes.Genome biology and evolution · 2017Article
- The complete salmonid IGF-IR gene repertoire and its transcriptional response to disease.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Effects of protein type and composition on postprandial markers of skeletal muscle anabolism, adipose tissue lipolysis, and hypothalamic gene expression.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2015Article
- Extensive local gene duplication and functional divergence among paralogs in Atlantic salmon.Genome biology and evolution · 2014Article
- L-leucine, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyric acid (HMB) and creatine monohydrate prevent myostatin-induced Akirin-1/Mighty mRNA down-regulation and myotube atrophy.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2014Article
- Isolation and selection of suitable reference genes for real-time PCR analyses in the skeletal muscle of the fine flounder in response to nutritional status: assessment and normalization of gene expression of growth-related genes.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2013Article
- Screening and analysis of PoAkirin1 and two related genes in response to immunological stimulants in the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).BMC molecular biology · 2013Article
- Evolution of ancient functions in the vertebrate insulin-like growth factor system uncovered by study of duplicated salmonid fish genomes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2013Article
- Role of akirin in skeletal myogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2013Article
- Validation of reference genes for expression studies during craniofacial development in arctic charr.PloS one · 2013Article
- Differentiation at the MHCIIα and Cath2 loci in sympatric Salvelinus alpinus resource morphs in Lake Thingvallavatn.PloS one · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metazoan akirin genes regulate innate immunity, myogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Invertebrates typically have one family member, while most tetrapod and teleost vertebrates have one to three. We demonstrate an expanded repertoire of eight family members in genomes of four salmonid fishes, owing to paralog preservation after three tetraploidization events. Retention of paralogs secondarily lost in other teleosts may be related to functional diversification and posttranslational regulation. We hypothesized that salmonid akirins would be transcriptionally regulated in fast-twitch skeletal muscle during activation of conserved pathways governing catabolism and growth. The in vivo nutritional state of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) was experimentally manipulated, and transcript levels for akirin family members and 26 other genes were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), allowing the establishment of a similarity network of expression profiles. In fasted muscle, a class of akirins was upregulated, with one family member showing high coexpression with catabolic genes coding the NF-kappaB p65 subunit, E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and IGF-I receptors. Another class of akirin was upregulated with subsequent feeding, coexpressed with 14-3-3 protein genes. There was no similarity between expression profiles of akirins with IGF hormones or binding protein genes. The level of phylogenetic relatedness of akirin family members was not a strong predictor of transcriptional responses to nutritional state, or differences in transcript abundance levels, indicating a complex pattern of regulatory evolution. The salmonid akirins epitomize the complexity linking the genome to physiological phenotypes of vertebrates with a history of tetraploidization.
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