ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2010
Characterisation of renal immune cell infiltrates in children with nephrotic syndrome.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Podocyte-derived exosomes instruct dendritic cell-dependent CD8Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Endothelial cell-released CD93 contributes to podocyte injury in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- The Use of Rituximab in Glomerulonephritis: What Is the Evidence?Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Causal association of circulating immune cells with nephrotic syndrome: evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- The role of B lymphocyte subsets in nephrotic syndrome: functions, mechanisms, clinical significance and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Rituximab in the treatment of primary FSGS: time for its use in routine clinical practice?Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- The podocyte: glomerular sentinel at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immunoregulatory effects of Huaier (Trametes robiniophila Murr) and relevant clinical applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Renal tubular gen e biomarkers identification based on immune infiltrates in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.Renal failure · 2022Article
- B-Cell Dysregulation in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: What We Know and What We Need to Discover.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Integrated genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals MDH2 mutation-induced metabolic disorder in recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The role of the immune system in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2021Review
- T-Cell Expression and Release of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Response to Glucose Variations Initiates Kidney Injury in Early Diabetes.Diabetes · 2021Article
- Immune-mediated entities of (primary) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Chronic Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: Role of Nrf2.Kidney international reports · 2021Review
- Immunohistochemical Expression of FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Proteinuric Primary Glomerulopathies.International journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Proteinuria in Minimal Change Disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes can express CD80 in patients with minimal change disease during relapse.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Observational
- A longitudinal study on the effects of psychological stress on proteinuria in childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that not only T cells but also B cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS). We have evaluated the infiltrating immune cells found in renal biopsies from 38 children with NS using immunohistochemistry techniques involving antibodies against T cells (CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3), B cells (CD20), macrophages (CD68) and follicular dendritic cells (CD21). Kidney biopsies with thin basement membrane disease were used as controls. We found higher numbers of interstitial CD3-positive T cells and macrophages in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) than in those with minimal change glomerulopathy (MCGN) and in the controls, and significantly lower FoxP3-positive cells in patients with FSGS, MCGN and steroid-dependent NS than in the controls. Significantly higher numbers of glomerular B cells were found in FSGN patients than in MCGN patients and controls. Of note, in three patients who were later successfully treated with anti-CD20 antibody rituximab, the number of renal B cells was negligible in the preceding biopsy. In conclusion, the higher numbers of interstitial CD3-positive T cells in renal biopsies of pediatric patients with FSGS argue for a higher inflammatory activity. The significantly higher number of glomerular B cells in FSGS patients may indicate a particular pathogenetic role or epiphenomenon in this disease. However, patients with no interstitial or glomerular B cells could also benefit from rituximab treatment.
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