ArticleAntiviral therapy2010
Effect of the HIV protease inhibitor amprenavir on the growth and differentiation of primary gingival epithelium.
Article in Antiviral therapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Oral lichen planus: a microbiologist point of view.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2021Review
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- Anti-Retroviral Protease Inhibitors Regulate Human Papillomavirus 16 Infection of Primary Oral and Cervical Epithelium.Cancers · 2020Article
- Three-dimensional cell culture models for investigating human viruses.Virologica Sinica · 2016Review
- Efficient replication of Epstein-Barr virus in stratified epithelium in vitro.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors efavirenz and tenofovir change the growth and differentiation of primary gingival epithelium.HIV medicine · 2014Article
- Effect of the HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor zidovudine on the growth and differentiation of primary gingival epithelium.HIV medicine · 2012Article
- The HIV protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) alters the growth, differentiation and proliferation of primary gingival epithelium.HIV medicine · 2011Article
- Downregulation of Cdc2/CDK1 kinase activity induces the synthesis of noninfectious human papillomavirus type 31b virions in organotypic tissues exposed to benzo[a]pyrene.Journal of virology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-positive patients taking antiretroviral drugs, including protease inhibitors, have shown a significant increase in the development of oral complications; these complications are a major health issue for affected patients. The effect of these drugs on oral epithelium growth and differentiation is presently unknown. In this study, we explore for the first time the effect of the HIV protease inhibitor amprenavir on gingival epithelium growth and differentiation.
methodsOrganotypic (raft) cultures of gingival keratinocytes were established and the raft cultures treated with a range of amprenavir concentrations. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to examine the effect of amprenavir on gingival epithelium growth and stratification. The raft cultures were also immunohistochemically analysed to determine the effect of amprenavir on the expression of key differentiation and proliferation markers, including cytokeratins, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin A.
resultsAmprenavir severely inhibited the growth of gingival epithelium when the drug was present throughout the growth period of the tissue. When the drug was added at day 8, amprenavir treatment altered the proliferation and differentiation of gingival keratinocytes. Expression of the cytokeratins 5, 14, 6 and 10, PCNA and cyclin A was increased; their expression pattern was also altered over time in treated rafts. Biochemically, the tissue exhibited characteristics of increased proliferation in the suprabasal layers of amprenavir-treated tissue.
conclusionsOur results suggest that amprenavir treatment deregulates the cell cycle/proliferation and differentiation pathways, resulting in abnormal epithelial repair and proliferation. Our system could be developed as a potential model for studying the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy in vitro.
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