ArticleThe American journal of pathology2010
LC3A-positive light microscopy detected patterns of autophagy and prognosis in operable breast carcinomas.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition).Autophagy · 2016Guideline
- Guideline
- Trial
- Stromal hypoxia and autophagy signatures as indicators of pathologic response in triple-negative breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Article
- Beyond self‑eating: Emerging autophagy‑independent functions for the autophagy molecules in cancer (Review).International journal of oncology · 2024Review
- circRNA_8521 promotes Senecavirus A infection by sponging miRNA-324 to regulate LC3A.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- The Function of Autophagy in the Initiation, and Development of Breast Cancer.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Apoptosis and autophagy markers predict survival in neoadjuvant treated oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- CDK6 increases glycolysis and suppresses autophagy by mTORC1-HK2 pathway activation in cervical cancer cells.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2022Article
- Recent Advances of Autophagy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Application.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Autophagy-related prognostic signature for survival prediction of triple negative breast cancer.PeerJ · 2022Article
- Targeting Drug Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Using Natural Products.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Autophagy-Related Proteins Are Differentially Expressed in Adrenal Cortical Tumor/Pheochromocytoma and Associated with Patient Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Autophagy-mediated tumor cell survival and progression of breast cancer metastasis to the brain.Journal of Cancer · 2021Review
- A Key Pathway to Cancer Resilience: The Role of Autophagy in Glioblastomas.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Patterns of LC3A Autophagy Protein Expression in Keratoacanthomas.Head and neck pathology · 2020Article
- Review
- Synergies in exosomes and autophagy pathways for cellular homeostasis and metastasis of tumor cells.Cell & bioscience · 2020Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-degradation mechanism by which cells recycle their own cytoplasmic constituents and dispose of excess or defective organelles after starvation and oxygen deprivation. An antibody to the microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3A), recognizing both the soluble (LC3A-I) and the membrane-bound form (LC3A-II) of the protein, was used to detect autophagic activity in 102 breast carcinomas. Three distinct patterns were recognized: (1) diffuse cytoplasmic, (2) cytoplasmic/juxta-nuclear, and (3) "stone-like" pattern--dense, rounded, amorphous structures, 5 microm on average, typically enclosed within cytoplasmic vacuoles. The diffuse cytoplasmic pattern showed a direct association with estrogen and progesterone receptor expression. The juxta-nuclear pattern indicated a similar association with hormone receptors, an inverse association with tumor size, and a favorable prognosis. By contrast, an increased number of stone-like structures, probably representing an excessive autophagic response, was related to high-grade tumors and a less favorable outcome. Interestingly, 60 additional epithelial tumors of nonbreast origin disclosed identical autophagic patterns, and so did MDA231 breast cancer xenografts and HCT116 colon tumor spheroids (also analyzed by electron microscopy). Moreover, MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines confirmed induction of LC3A by anoxia and Thapsigargin. It is concluded that autophagy can be readily recognized in breast carcinomas by light microscopy, after immunohistochemical staining with LC3A, but the significance of the various patterns expressed would need further evaluation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.