ArticleTobacco control2010
The quarter that changed the world.
Article in Tobacco control, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Lifetime risk for cancer death by sex and smoking status: the lifetime risk pooling project.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2012Pooled it
- The effects of a multilingual telephone quitline for Asian smokers: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2012Trial
- School Staff Perspectives on Tobacco Prevention: Findings From a Statewide Educator Survey.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026Article
- Oropharyngeal cancer mortality in the United States, 1999-2023: a surveillance analysis using CDC WONDER.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Tobacco policy coverage in California jurisdictions before and after enactment of proposition 56.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- State and Sociodemographic Trends in US Cigarette Smoking With Future Projections.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Concern for Police Brutality, Societal Discrimination, and School Shootings and Subsequent Cigarette and Cannabis Use in Los Angeles County Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Youth: a Longitudinal Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Observational
- Facilitators and Barriers to Passing Local Policies That Prohibit the Sale of Flavored Tobacco Products: Qualitative Analysis of Strategies Implemented by 36 Communities in California, 2017-2021.Preventing chronic disease · 2024Article
- Reframing the banning of flavored tobacco in unprecedented times- an example from California's Senate bill 793.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- A Mixed-Methods Study on Use of Different Tobacco Products among Younger and Older Adults with Lower and Higher Levels of Nicotine Exposure in California in 2019-2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Gamblers' perceptions of responsibility for gambling harm: a critical qualitative inquiry.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Reducing tobacco use in substance use treatment: An intervention to promote tobacco-free grounds.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Article
- Understanding health disparities affecting utilization of tobacco treatment in low-income patients in an urban health center in Southern California.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities Across Indicators of Cigarette Smoking in the Era of Increased Tobacco Control, 1992-2019.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Smoking Cessation Intention and Its Association with Advice to Quit from Significant Others and Medical Professionals.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The impact of e-cigarette and cigarette prices on e-cigarette and cigarette sales in California.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- Californians Linking Action with Science for Prevention of Breast Cancer (CLASP-BC)-Phase 2.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Tobacco use and tobacco services in California substance use treatment programs.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Smoking Behavior in Low- and High-Income Adults Immediately Following California Proposition 56 Tobacco Tax Increase.American journal of public health · 2020Article
- Drifting Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Young Adults in Multiunit Housing.Journal of community health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe California Department of Public Health (CDPH), California Tobacco Control Program (CTCP) is one of the longest-running comprehensive tobacco control programmes in the USA, resulting from a 1988 ballot initiative that added a 25-cent tax on each pack of cigarettes and a proportional tax increase on other tobacco products. This programme used a social norm change approach to reduce tobacco use.
methodsThe operation, structure, evolution, programme dissemination and results are reviewed.
resultsThe sustained programme implementation has reduced adult per capita cigarette consumption by over 60% and adult smoking prevalence by 35%, from 22.7% in 1988 to 13.8% in 2007. From 1988 to 2004, lung and bronchus cancer rates in California declined at nearly four times the rate of decline seen in the rest of the USA and the programme is associated with an $86 billion savings in healthcare costs. Youth smoking rates among 12-17 years olds are the second lowest in the nation.
conclusionsThe social norm change approach is effective at reducing tobacco consumption, adult smoking and youth uptake. This approach resulted in declines in tobacco-related diseases and is associated with savings in healthcare expenditures. In considering CTCP's effectiveness, the takeaway message is that it should be viewed as a unified programme rather than a collection of independent interventions. The programme was designed and implemented as one where the parts complement and reinforce each other. Its effectiveness is dependent on its comprehensive strategy rather than any one part of the intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.