Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2010
Randomised controlled trial of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis to prevent pelvic inflammatory disease: the POPI (prevention of pelvic infection) trial.
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00115388 (Community-Based Trial of Screening for Chlamydia Trachomatis to Prevent Pelvic Inflammatory Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 122 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Community-Based Trial of Screening for Chlamydia Trachomatis to Prevent Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 334 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2021Guideline
- Recommendation on screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in primary care for individuals not known to be at high risk.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2021Guideline
- Screening for chlamydia and/or gonorrhea in primary health care: systematic reviews on effectiveness and patient preferences.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Antibiotics for treating urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men and non-pregnant women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2015Guideline
- Screening for nonviral sexually transmitted infections in adolescents and young adults.Pediatrics · 2014Guideline
- Risk of pelvic inflammatory disease following Chlamydia trachomatis infection: analysis of prospective studies with a multistate model.American journal of epidemiology · 2013Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Health-related quality of life and Chlamydia trachomatis infection in sexually experienced female inner-city students: a community-based cross-sectional study.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2017Trial
- Risk Factors for Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Women in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Chemoprevention Trial: VOICE (MTN-003).Sexually transmitted diseases · 2017Trial
- A randomised trial of point-of-care tests for chlamydia and gonorrhoea infections in remote Aboriginal communities: Test, Treat ANd GO- the "TTANGO" trial protocol.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Systematic screening with information and home sampling for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in young men and women in Norway: a randomized controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Effectiveness of yearly, register based screening for chlamydia in the Netherlands: controlled trial with randomised stepped wedge implementation.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2012Trial
- Article
- Genetic diversity of collaborative cross mice enables the establishment of a novelInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: A Narrative Review of Disparities Between Black and White Women in the United States and Strategies for Improvement.Journal of patient-centered research and reviews · 2026Review
- Philippine Clinical Practice Guidelines for Periodic Health Examination: Screening for Infectious Diseases.Acta medica Philippina · 2026Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether screening and treating women for chlamydial infection reduces the incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease over the subsequent 12 months.
designRandomised controlled trial.
settingCommon rooms, lecture theatres, and student bars at universities and further education colleges in London.
participants2529 sexually active female students, mean age 21 years (range 16-27).
interventionParticipants completed a questionnaire and provided self taken vaginal swabs, with follow-up after one year. Samples were randomly allocated to immediate testing and treatment for chlamydial infection, or storage and analysis after a year (deferred screening controls).
main outcome measureIncidence of clinical pelvic inflammatory disease over 12 months.
resultsBaseline prevalence of chlamydia was 5.4% (68/1254) in screened women and 5.9% (75/1265) in controls. 94% (2377/2529) of women were followed up after 12 months. The incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease was 1.3% (15/1191) in screened women compared with 1.9% (23/1186) in controls (relative risk 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.34 to 1.22). Seven of 74 control women (9.5%, 95% confidence interval 4.7% to 18.3%) who tested positive for chlamydial infection at baseline developed pelvic inflammatory disease over 12 months compared with one of 63 (1.6%) screened women (relative risk 0.17, 0.03 to 1.01). However, most episodes of pelvic inflammatory disease occurred in women who tested negative for chlamydia at baseline (79%, 30/38). 22% (527/2377) of women reported being tested independently for chlamydia during the trial.
conclusionAlthough some evidence suggests that screening for chlamydia reduces rates of pelvic inflammatory disease, especially in women with chlamydial infection at baseline, the effectiveness of a single chlamydia test in preventing pelvic inflammatory disease over 12 months may have been overestimated. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00115388.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.