ArticlePloS one2010
Conjugative plasmids of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Characterization of the conjugative modules of the pRAS4 plasmid ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Genotypic virulence profiles and mobile genetic elements related to invasiveness in Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
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- Origin, evolution, and success of pbla, the gonococcal beta-lactamase plasmid, and implications for public health.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Revisiting the potential impact of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis on the selection of doxycycline resistance in Neisseria commensals.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A quinolone N-oxide antibiotic selectively targets Neisseria gonorrhoeae via its toxin-antitoxin system.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Genomic Insights into Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance Transmission and Mitigation Strategies.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Carriage and antimicrobial susceptibility of commensal Neisseria species from the human oropharynx.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The novel 2024 WHO Neisseria gonorrhoeae reference strains for global quality assurance of laboratory investigations and superseded WHO N. gonorrhoeae reference strains-phenotypic, genetic and reference genome characterization.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
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- Evolution and exchange of plasmids in pathogenicmSphere · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many clinical isolates of the human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae contain conjugative plasmids. The host range of these plasmids is limited to Neisseria species, but presence of a tetracycline (tetM) determinant inserted in several of these plasmids is an important cause of the rapid spread of tetracycline resistance. Previously plasmids with different backbones (Dutch and American type backbones) and with and without different tetM determinants (Dutch and American type tetM determinants) have been identified. Within the isolates tested, all plasmids with American or Dutch type tetM determinants contained a Dutch type plasmid backbone. This demonstrated that tetM determinants should not be used to differentiate between conjugal plasmid backbones. The nucleotide sequences of conjugative plasmids with Dutch type plasmid backbones either not containing the tetM determinant (pEP5233) or containing Dutch (pEP5289) or American (pEP5050) type tetM determinants were determined. Analysis of the backbone sequences showed that they belong to a novel IncP1 subfamily divergent from the IncP1alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon subfamilies. The tetM determinants were inserted in a genetic load region found in all these plasmids. Insertion was accompanied by the insertion of a gene with an unknown function, and rearrangement of a toxin/antitoxin gene cluster. The genetic load region contains two toxin/antitoxins of the Zeta/Epsilon toxin/antitoxin family previously only found in Gram positive organisms and the virulence associated protein D of the VapD/VapX toxin/antitoxin family. Remarkably, presence of VapX of pJD1, a small cryptic neisserial plasmid, in the acceptor strain strongly increased the conjugation efficiency, suggesting that it functions as an antitoxin for the conjugative plasmid. The presence of the toxin and antitoxin on different plasmids might explain why the host range of this IncP1 plasmid is limited to Neisseria species. The isolated plasmids conjugated efficiently between N. gonorrhoeae strains, but did not enhance transfer of a genetic marker.
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