ArticleAutoimmunity2010
A new site-directed transgenic rheumatoid factor mouse model demonstrates extrafollicular class switch and plasmablast formation.
Article in Autoimmunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating autoreactive proteinase 3+ B cells and tolerance checkpoints in ANCA-associated vasculitis.JCI insight · 2021Trial
- One-step generation of T-cell receptor knock-in mice in the TCRβ locus.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Multiple roads to IgE memory: A pluralistic model of IgE immunity.Cell reports · 2026Review
- GLUT1-mediated glucose flux constrains autoreactive but not foreign antigen-specific B-cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Cutting Edge: Low-dose Recombinant IL-2 Treatment Prevents Autoantibody Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Regulatory T Cell-independent Depletion of T Follicular Helper Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- The extrafollicular response is sufficient to drive initiation of autoimmunity and early disease hallmarks of lupus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- PIK3IP1 Promotes Extrafollicular Class Switching in T-Dependent Immune Responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Spatial and functional heterogeneity of follicular helper T cells in autoimmunity.Current opinion in immunology · 2019Review
- Cross-Reactive Antigen Expressed by B6 Splenocytes Drives Receptor Editing and Marginal Zone Differentiation of IgG2a-Reactive AM14 Vκ8 B Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Patterns of ANA+ B cells for SLE patient stratification.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Loss of an IgG plasma cell checkpoint in patients with lupus.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Article
- One-step generation of monoclonal B cell receptor mice capable of isotype switching and somatic hypermutation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2018Article
- Plasma Cell Differentiation Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- B Cell-ExtrinsicJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Autoreactive helper T cells alleviate the need for intrinsic TLR signaling in autoreactive B cell activation.JCI insight · 2017Article
- Article
- Multiple tolerance defects contribute to the breach of B cell tolerance in New Zealand Black chromosome 1 congenic mice.PloS one · 2017Article
- Dendritic Cells Regulate Extrafollicular Autoreactive B Cells via T Cells Expressing Fas and Fas Ligand.Immunity · 2016Article
- Germinal centers and autoimmune disease in humans and mice.Immunology and cell biology · 2016Review
- Requirement for Transcription Factor Ets1 in B Cell Tolerance to Self-Antigens.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The AM14 rheumatoid factor (RF) transgenic (Tg) mouse has been valuable for studying how self-reactive B cells are regulated beyond central tolerance, because they remain ignorant in normal mice. AM14 B-cell activation can be studied on autoimmune-prone strains or by inducing activation with IgG2a anti-chromatin antibodies (Abs). Despite the utility of conventional Ig-Tg mice, site-directed Ig-Tg (sd-Tg) mice provide a more physiological model for B-cell responses, allowing class switch and somatic hypermutation. We report here the creation of an AM14 sd-Tg mouse and describe its phenotype on both normal and autoimmune-prone backgrounds. AM14 sd-Tg B cells develop normally but remain unactivated in the BALB/c background, even after significant aging. In contrast, in the autoimmune-prone strain MRL/lpr, AM14 sd-Tg B cells become activated and secrete large amounts of IgG RF Ab into the serum. Class-switched Ab-forming cells were found in the spleen and bone marrow. IgG RF plasmablasts were also observed in extrafollicular clusters in the spleens of aged AM14 sd-Tg MRL/lpr mice. Class switch and Ab secretion were observed additionally in AM14 sd-Tg BALB/c B cells activated in vivo using IgG2a anti-chromatin Abs. Development of IgG auto-Abs is a hallmark of severe autoimmunity and is related to pathogenesis. Using the AM14 sd-Tg, we now show that switched auto-Ab-forming cells develop robustly outside germinal centers, further confirming the extrafollicular expression of activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID). This model will allow more physiological studies of B-cell biology in the future, including memory responses marked by class switch.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.