ReviewPLoS pathogens2010
HIV and mature dendritic cells: Trojan exosomes riding the Trojan horse?
Review in PLoS pathogens, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis on Nicotine's Modulation of HIV-Associated Dementia.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Profiling of CD63 and EpCAM Membrane Proteins of Extracellular Vesicles on Tannic Acid-Coated Magnetic Beads Using Conventional Flow Cytometry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Comparative Proteomics of Seminal Exosomes Reveals Size-Exclusion Chromatography Outperforms Ultracentrifugation.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Immuno-cell metabolic changes in HIV-1 infection.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- Dual Role of Extracellular Vesicles as Orchestrators of Emerging and Reemerging Virus Infections.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Review
- The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in viral transmission and immune evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- A State-of-the-Art Review on the Recent Advances in Exosomes in Oncogenic Virus.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Educate Endothelial Cells to Become IL-6-Producing, CLL-Supportive Cells.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Association of Altered Plasma Lipidome with Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Antigen Presenting Cell-Mediated HIV-1Medical research archives · 2023Article
- Exosomal transmission of viruses, a two-edged biological sword.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Exosomes multifunctional roles in HIV-1: insight into the immune regulation, vaccine development and current progress in delivery system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Neurological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection: lipoproteins and exosomes as Trojan horses.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2022Review
- Insights Into the Role of Mortalin in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Antiviral activity of extracellular vesicles derived from respiratory syncytial virus-infected airway epithelial cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- HIV-1Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Cocaine augments neuro-inflammation via modulating extracellular vesicle release in HIV-1 infected immune cells.Retrovirology · 2021Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exosomes are secreted cellular vesicles that can induce specific CD4(+) T cell responses in vivo when they interact with competent antigen-presenting cells like mature dendritic cells (mDCs). The Trojan exosome hypothesis proposes that retroviruses can take advantage of the cell-encoded intercellular vesicle traffic and exosome exchange pathway, moving between cells in the absence of fusion events in search of adequate target cells. Here, we discuss recent data supporting this hypothesis, which further explains how DCs can capture and internalize retroviruses like HIV-1 in the absence of fusion events, leading to the productive infection of interacting CD4(+) T cells and contributing to viral spread through a mechanism known as trans-infection. We suggest that HIV-1 can exploit an exosome antigen-dissemination pathway intrinsic to mDCs, allowing viral internalization and final trans-infection of CD4(+) T cells. In contrast to previous reports that focus on the ability of immature DCs to capture HIV in the mucosa, this review emphasizes the outstanding role that mature DCs could have promoting trans-infection in the lymph node, underscoring a new potential viral dissemination pathway.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.