ArticleNature structural & molecular biology2010
Crystal structure of the carnitine transporter and insights into the antiport mechanism.
Article in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural insights into bacterial dimethylsulfoniopropionate import by BCCT-family transporters.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Repurposing drugs for the human dopamine transporter through WHALES descriptors-based virtual screening and bioactivity evaluation.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Article
- Structure and mechanism of the osmoregulated choline transporter BetT.Science advances · 2024Article
- Cation-coupled chloride cotransporters: chemical insights and disease implications.Trends in chemistry · 2021Review
- A non-helical region in transmembrane helix 6 of hydrophobic amino acid transporter MhsT mediates substrate recognition.The EMBO journal · 2021Article
- Comparison of the functional properties of trimeric and monomeric CaiT of Escherichia coli.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Recent developments in nucleobase cation symporter-1 (NCS1) family transport proteins from bacteria, archaea, fungi and plants.Journal of biosciences · 2018Review
- Resculpting the binding pocket of APC superfamily LeuT-fold amino acid transporters.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2018Article
- Alternating access mechanisms of LeuT-fold transporters: trailblazing towards the promised energy landscapes.Current opinion in structural biology · 2017Review
- Unveiling the Mechanism of Arginine Transport through AdiC with Molecular Dynamics Simulations: The Guiding Role of Aromatic Residues.PloS one · 2016Article
- Carnitine in bacterial physiology and metabolism.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2015Review
- Identification of a second substrate-binding site in solute-sodium symporters.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- The sodium/multivitamin transporter: a multipotent system with therapeutic implications.Vitamins and hormones · 2015Review
- Insights to ligand binding to the monoamine transporters-from homology modeling to LeuBAT and dDAT.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2015Review
- A mechanism for intracellular release of Na+ by neurotransmitter/sodium symporters.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2014Article
- The transport mechanism of the human sodium/myo-inositol transporter 2 (SMIT2/SGLT6), a member of the LeuT structural family.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2014Article
- Molecular mechanism of ligand recognition by membrane transport protein, Mhp1.The EMBO journal · 2014Article
- How LeuT shapes our understanding of the mechanisms of sodium-coupled neurotransmitter transporters.The Journal of physiology · 2014Review
- Arginine oscillation explains Na+ independence in the substrate/product antiporter CaiT.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Nonclassical pharmacology of the dopamine transporter: atypical inhibitors, allosteric modulators, and partial substrates.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CaiT is a membrane antiporter that catalyzes the exchange of L-carnitine with gamma-butyrobetaine across the Escherichia coli membrane. To obtain structural insights into the antiport mechanism, we solved the crystal structure of CaiT at a resolution of 3.15 A. We crystallized CaiT as a homotrimer complex, in which each protomer contained 12 transmembrane helices and 4 l-carnitine molecules outlining the transport pathway across the membrane. Mutagenesis studies revealed a primary binding site at the center of the protein and a secondary substrate-binding site at the bottom of the intracellular vestibule. These results, together with the insights obtained from structural comparison with structurally homologous transporters, provide mechanistic insights into the association between substrate translocation and the conformational changes of CaiT.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.