ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2010
Stereotype threat and health disparities: what medical educators and future physicians need to know.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medical educators' perspectives on the barriers and enablers of teaching public health in the undergraduate medical schools: a systematic review.Global health action · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of the extent and measurement of healthcare provider racism.Journal of general internal medicine · 2014Pooled it
- An Incognito Standardized Patient Approach for Measuring and Reducing Intersectional Healthcare Stigma: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Control Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Trial
- Effect of Values Affirmation on Reducing Racial Differences in Adherence to Hypertension Medication: The HYVALUE Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- A randomised controlled pilot trial of the influence of non-native English accents on examiners' scores in OSCEs.BMC medical education · 2020Trial
- Addressing microaggressions in racially charged patient-provider interactions: a pilot randomized trial.BMC medical education · 2020Trial
- Stereotype threat, trait perseveration, and vagal activity: evidence for mechanisms underpinning health disparities in Black Americans.Ethnicity & health · 2019Trial
- A randomised trial of the influence of racial stereotype bias on examiners' scores, feedback and recollections in undergraduate clinical exams.BMC medicine · 2017Trial
- Physician communication behaviors and trust among black and white patients with hypertension.Medical care · 2013Trial
- Cancer Clinical Trial Participant Selection: Does Provider Implicit Bias Play a Role?Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Education Research: Evaluating Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Diversity Trends in Neurology Residency Programs Between 2007 and 2020.Neurology. Education · 2025Article
- Interpersonal discrimination experiences in outpatient care are associated with non-adherence - results of a population survey in Germany.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Leveraging insights from the psychological science of gender stereotyping to advance scholarship on gender-diverse individuals' pain experiences.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- Identity Safety in Cancer Screening: Building a Basic Research-to-Clinic Translation of Social Identity Theory.The Journal of social issues · 2025Article
- Review
- A Working Framework to Address Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Undergraduate Medical Education.Medical science educator · 2024Article
- Reinforcing Stereotypes in Health Care Through Artificial Intelligence-Generated Images: A Call for Regulation.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health · 2024Review
- Healthcare stereotype threat, healthcare access, and health outcomes in a probability sample of U.S. transgender and gender diverse adults.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- How stable are moral judgements? A longitudinal study of context dependency in attitudes towards patient responsibility.BMC medical ethics · 2024Article
- A review of mental health disparities during COVID-19: Evidence, mechanisms, and policy recommendations for promoting societal resilience.Development and psychopathology · 2023Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patients' experience of stereotype threat in clinical settings and encounters may be one contributor to health care disparities. Stereotype threat occurs when cues in the environment make negative stereotypes associated with an individual's group status salient, triggering physiological and psychological processes that have detrimental consequences for behavior. By recognizing and understanding the factors that can trigger stereotype threat and understanding its consequences in medical settings, providers can prevent it from occurring or ameliorate its consequences for patient behavior and outcomes. In this paper, we discuss the implications of stereotype threat for medical education and trainee performance and offer practical suggestions for how future providers might reduce stereotype threat in their exam rooms and clinics.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.