ArticleMolecular psychiatry2011
Genetic variation in cholinergic muscarinic-2 receptor gene modulates M2 receptor binding in vivo and accounts for reduced binding in bipolar disorder.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04211961 (A Randomised Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Scopolamine Compared to Placebo in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder Who Are Experiencing a Depressive Episode), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomised Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Scopolamine Compared to Placebo in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder Who Are Experiencing a Depressive Episode
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of scopolamine on memory and attention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Pooled it
- Neurophysiological Changes Associated with Antidepressant Response to Ketamine Not Observed in a Negative Trial of Scopolamine in Major Depressive Disorder.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Muscarinic Receptor PET in Neurodegeneration: Promise, Pitfalls, and Translational Priorities.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome analysis reveal replicated and novel loci associated with alcohol use disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Normalization of impaired emotion inhibition in bipolar disorder mediated by cholinergic neurotransmission in the cingulate cortex.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
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- Article
- Drug Design Targeting the Muscarinic Receptors and the Implications in Central Nervous System Disorders.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Article
- The quest for improving the management of breast cancer by functional imaging: The discovery and development of 16α-[Nuclear medicine and biology · 2021Review
- CHRM2 Genotype Affects Inhibitory Control Mechanisms During Cognitive Flexibility.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Interferon-α enhances the IL-12-induced STAT4 activation selectively in carriers of theAnnals of the rheumatic diseases · 2019Article
- Is There a Role for GPCR Agonist Radiotracers in PET Neuroimaging?Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Review
- A Genome-Wide Association Study and Complex Network Identify Four Core Hub Genes in Bipolar Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- Multiple Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes in the Mouse Amygdala Regulate Affective Behaviors and Response to Social Stress.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Article
- Changes in Muscarinic M2 Receptor Levels in the Cortex of Subjects with Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder and in Rats after Treatment with Mood Stabilisers and Antidepressants.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Article
- The catecholaminergic-cholinergic balance hypothesis of bipolar disorder revisited.European journal of pharmacology · 2015Review
- The Role of Muscarinic Receptors in the Pathophysiology of Mood Disorders: A Potential Novel Treatment?Current neuropharmacology · 2015Review
- CHRM2 but not CHRM1 or CHRM3 polymorphisms are associated with asthma susceptibility in Mexican patients.Molecular biology reports · 2014Article
- DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A polymorphism (rs1800497) has opposing effects on D2/3 receptor binding in healthy controls and patients with major depressive disorder.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Genetic variation in the cholinergic muscarinic-2 (M(2)) receptor gene (CHRM2) has been associated with the risk for developing depression. We previously reported that M(2)-receptor distribution volume (V(T)) was reduced in depressed subjects with bipolar disorder (BD) relative to depressed subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HCs). In this study, we investigated the effects of six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for CHRM2 on M(2)-receptor binding to test the hypotheses that genetic variation in CHRM2 influences M(2)-receptor binding and that a CHRM2 polymorphism underlies the deficits in M(2)-receptor V(T) observed in BD. The M(2)-receptor V(T) was measured using positron emission tomography and [(18)F]FP-TZTP in unmedicated, depressed subjects with BD (n=16) or MDD (n=24) and HCs (n=25), and the effect of genotype on V(T) was assessed. In the controls, one SNP (with identifier rs324650, in which the ancestral allele adenine (A) is replaced with one or two copies of thymine (T), showed a significant allelic effect on V(T) in the pregenual and subgenual anterior cingulate cortices in the direction AA<AT<TT. In contrast, in BD subjects with the TT genotype, V(T) was significantly lower than in BD subjects with the AT genotype in these regions. The BD subjects homozygous for the T -allele also showed markedly lower V(T) (by 27 to 37% across regions) than HCs of the same genotype. Post hoc analyses suggested that T homozygosity was associated with a more severe illness course, as manifested by lower socioeconomic function, poorer spatial recognition memory and a greater likelihood of having attempted suicide. These data represent novel preliminary evidence that reduced M(2)-receptor V(T) in BD is associated with genetic variation within CHRM2. The differential impact of the M(2)-receptor polymorphism at rs324650 in the BD and HC samples suggests interactive effects with an unidentified vulnerability factor for BD.
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