ArticleEukaryotic cell2010
Fluconazole transport into Candida albicans secretory vesicles by the membrane proteins Cdr1p, Cdr2p, and Mdr1p.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond antifungal susceptibility: molecular mechanisms, detection, and clinical implications of fungal heteroresistance.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Thermoresponsive carbohydrate polymer mucoadhesive gel for synergistic delivery of acarbose and fluconazole against Candida biofilms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Interconnected worlds: a comprehensive review of fungal defenses, antimicrobial resistance, and their evolutionary dynamics.IMA fungus · 2026Review
- Functional analysis of Candida albicans Cdr1 through homologous and heterologous expression studies.FEMS yeast research · 2025Review
- Application of the Mutant Libraries forInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Two Sequential Clinical Isolates ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- HPLC-MS identification and expression ofAIMS microbiology · 2021Article
- A Novel Immunocompetent Mouse Model for Testing Antifungal Drugs Against InvasiveJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Article
- Synthesis of new piperazinyl-pyrrolo[1,2-RSC advances · 2020Article
- Inflammatory Cell Recruitment inJournal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Article
- Antifungal activity and mode of action of thymol and its synergism with nystatin against Candida species involved with infections in the oral cavity: an in vitro study.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2015Article
- Identification and properties of plasma membrane azole efflux pumps from the pathogenic fungi Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Development and Validation of Simple RP-HPLC Method for Intracellular Determination of Fluconazole Concentration and Its Application to the Study of Candida albicans Azole Resistance.International journal of analytical chemistry · 2015Article
- Multidrug resistance in fungi: regulation of transporter-encoding gene expression.Frontiers in physiology · 2014Review
- Azole resistance in Cryptococcus gattii from the Pacific Northwest: Investigation of the role of ERG11.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2013Article
- The effect of biomaterials and antifungals on biofilm formation by Candida species: a review.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2012Review
- Discovery of a novel class of orally active antifungal beta-1,3-D-glucan synthase inhibitors.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A major cause of azole resistance in Candida albicans is overexpression of CDR1, CDR2, and/or MDR1, which encode plasma membrane efflux pumps. To analyze the catalytic properties of these pumps, we used ACT1- and GAL1-regulated expression plasmids to overexpress CDR1, CDR2, or MDR1 in a C. albicans cdr1 cdr2 mdr1-null mutant. When the genes of interest were expressed, the resulting transformants were more resistant to multiple azole antifungals, and accumulated less [(3)H]fluconazole intracellularly, than empty-vector controls. Next, we used a GAL1-regulated dominant negative sec4 allele to cause cytoplasmic accumulation of post-Golgi secretory vesicles (PGVs), and we found that PGVs isolated from CDR1-, CDR2-, or MDR1-overexpressing cells accumulated much more [(3)H]fluconazole than did PGVs from empty-vector controls. The K(m)s (expressed in micromolar concentrations) and V(max)s (expressed in picomoles per milligram of protein per minute), respectively, for [(3)H]fluconazole transport were 0.8 and 0.91 for Cdr1p, 4.3 and 0.52 for Cdr2p, and 3.5 and 0.59 for Mdr1p. [(3)H]fluconazole transport by Cdr1p and Cdr2p required ATP and was unaffected by carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), whereas [(3)H]fluconazole transport by Mdr1p did not require ATP and was inhibited by CCCP. [(3)H]fluconazole uptake by all 3 pumps was inhibited by all other azoles tested, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s; expressed as proportions of the [(3)H]fluconazole concentration) of 0.2 to 5.6 for Cdr1p, 0.3 to 3.1 for Cdr2p, and 0.3 to 3.1 for Mdr1p. The methods used in this study may also be useful for studying other plasma membrane transporters in C. albicans and other medically important fungi.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.