Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20346762›Full record

ArticleNeuron2010

Retinal parallel processors: more than 100 independent microcircuits operate within a single interneuron.

William N Grimes, Jun Zhang, Cole W Graydon, Bechara Kachar, Jeffrey S Diamond

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Neuron, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed, 179 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Review
  7. High-Pressure Freezing EM Tomography of Entire Ribbon Synapses in the Retina.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Compartmentalized pooling generates orientation selectivity in wide-field amacrine cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
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  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

William N GrimesSynaptic Physiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Jun Zhang
Cole W Graydon
Bechara Kachar
Jeffrey S Diamond
National Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Structural and Molecular Basis of Transduction in Auditory Sensory OrgansZIADC000002 · NIDCD · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS · PI KACHAR, BECHARA · 2009 to 2025
$38.3M
Synaptic Mechanisms in the Mammalian RetinaZIANS003039 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI DIAMOND, JEFFREY S · 2009 to 2025
$24.5M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA NS003039
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most neurons are highly polarized cells with branched dendrites that receive and integrate synaptic inputs and extensive axons that deliver action potential output to distant targets. By contrast, amacrine cells, a diverse class of inhibitory interneurons in the inner retina, collect input and distribute output within the same neuritic network. The extent to which most amacrine cells integrate synaptic information and distribute their output is poorly understood. Here, we show that single A17 amacrine cells provide reciprocal feedback inhibition to presynaptic bipolar cells via hundreds of independent microcircuits operating in parallel. The A17 uses specialized morphological features, biophysical properties, and synaptic mechanisms to isolate feedback microcircuits and maximize its capacity to handle many independent processes. This example of a neuron employing distributed parallel processing rather than spatial integration provides insights into how unconventional neuronal morphology and physiology can maximize network function while minimizing wiring cost.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalAction PotentialsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornInterneuronsNerve NetNeuritesRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRetinaSynapses

Identifiers

PMID20346762
PMCPMC2967021
OpenAlexW2032633728

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.