ReviewGut2010
Classification and management of refractory coeliac disease.
Review in Gut, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03866538 (Open-label Withdrawal Trial of Budesonide in Patients With Immune Mediated Enteropathies), which is not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Open-label Withdrawal Trial of Budesonide in Patients With Immune Mediated Enteropathies
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 323 citations in OpenAlex.
- European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease (ESsCD) 2025 Updated Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Coeliac Disease in Adults. Part 2: Management, Follow-Up, and Complex Disease Courses.United European gastroenterology journal · 2026Guideline
- Pooled it
- Guideline
- ACG clinical guidelines: diagnosis and management of celiac disease.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2013Guideline
- Combined ProbioticMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Trial
- Celiac Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Strategies.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Refractory Celiac Disease: Nutritional Failure, Immune Dysregulation, and Lymphomagenesis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Gluten Catastrophe: A Fatal Case of Refractory Celiac Disease Type 2.ACG case reports journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Nutritional remission without mucosal healing in type II refractory celiac disease: a case report.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Innate immune dysregulation in celiac disease and refractory celiac disease: mechanisms, management and emerging therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role of enteroscopy in the diagnosis and interventional management of small intestine diseases.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2026Review
- An Integrated Single-Cell Atlas of the Mouse Ileum Links Nutrient Metabolism with Epithelial and Immune Crosstalk.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Seronegative refractory celiac disease complicated by severe malnutrition, duodenal ulceration, and thromboembolic events in a young male: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Management Strategy for Non-Responsive and Refractory Celiac Disease in Adults: A Review Article.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Celiac Disease-Narrative Review on Progress in Celiac Disease.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Spontaneous Jejunal perforation in coeliac disease: diagnostic dilemma and navigating treatment beyond gluten-free diet in the absence of refractory disease.Oxford medical case reports · 2025Article
- Gluten-Free Diet Adherence Evaluation in Adults with Long-Standing Celiac Disease.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of malignant neoplasms in celiac disease patients - a nationwide United States population-based study.World journal of clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Utilizing Telemedicine Applications in Celiac Disease and Other Gluten-Free-Diet-Dependent Conditions: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Refractory coeliac disease (RCD) is defined by persistent or recurrent malabsorptive symptoms and villous atrophy despite strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 6-12 months in the absence of other causes of non-responsive treated coeliac disease and overt malignancy. Symptoms are often severe and require additional therapeutic intervention besides a GFD. RCD can be classified as type 1 (normal intraepithelial lymphocyte phenotype), or type 2 (defined by the presence of abnormal (clonal) intraepithelial lymphocyte phenotype). Patients with RCD may never have responded to a GFD or may have relapsed despite adherence and initial response to the GFD. RCD type 1 usually improves after treatment with a combination of aggressive nutritional support, adherence to a GFD, and alternative pharmacological therapies. By contrast, clinical response to alternative therapies in RCD type 2 is less certain and the prognosis is poor. Severe complications such as ulcerative jejunitis and enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma may occur in a subgroup of patients with RCD. The aims of this article are to (1) review recent advances in the diagnosis and management of patients with RCD, and (2) describe current and novel methods for classification of patients with RCD into categories that are useful to predict outcome and direct treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.