ReviewAnnals of hematology1991
Cytosine arabinoside in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: the role and place of high-dose regimens.
Review in Annals of hematology, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- High dose ara-C in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: long-term results of the German AMLCG.Leukemia · 2009Trial
- Trial
- Rapid Transcription Dynamics Confers Cytarabine Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Blood cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Apoptosis-targeting BH3 mimetics: transforming treatment for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Disrupting the leukemia niche in the central nervous system attenuates leukemia chemoresistance.Haematologica · 2020Article
- The evolution of antiviral nucleoside analogues: A review for chemists and non-chemists. Part II: Complex modifications to the nucleoside scaffold.Antiviral research · 2019Review
- The evolution of nucleoside analogue antivirals: A review for chemists and non-chemists. Part 1: Early structural modifications to the nucleoside scaffold.Antiviral research · 2018Review
- Efficiency of high-dose cytarabine added to CY/TBI in cord blood transplantation for myeloid malignancy.Blood · 2015Article
- Effects of cytarabine on activation of human T cells - cytarabine has concentration-dependent effects that are modulated both by valproic acid and all-trans retinoic acid.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2015Article
- Clinical potential of elacytarabine in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2014Review
- Knockdown of CD44 enhances chemosensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia cells to ADM and Ara-C.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Article
- In Vitro Characterization of Valproic Acid, ATRA, and Cytarabine Used for Disease-Stabilization in Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Antiproliferative Effects of Drugs on Endothelial and Osteoblastic Cells and Altered Release of Angioregulatory Mediators by Endothelial Cells.Leukemia research and treatment · 2014Article
- High-dose cytarabine (HD araC) in the treatment of leukemias: a review.Current hematologic malignancy reports · 2013Review
- DNA polymerase eta and chemotherapeutic agents.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2011Review
- DNA lesion bypass polymerases and 4'-thio-β-Darabinofuranosylcytosine (T-araC).International journal of biochemistry and molecular biology · 2011Article
- Interaction between DNA Polymerase lambda and anticancer nucleoside analogs.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Mouse models of human AML accurately predict chemotherapy response.Genes & development · 2009Article
- AraU accumulation in patients with renal insufficiency as a potential mechanism for cytarabine neurotoxicity.International journal of hematology · 2008Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytosine arabinoside (AraC) is one of the most active drugs in the treatment of acute leukemias and is widely applied at all phases of therapy. In spite of extensive clinical and experimental investigations, its intracellular metabolism and especially its mechanism of action are still not fully elucidated. Controversy also continues about the most appropriate way and dose of administration; which differs by more than 100 fold in clinical studies ranging from low-dose, over standard and intermediate dose regimens, to high-dose protocols. The present review is focused on the role and place of high-dose AraC treatment in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Based on available clinical and experimental data, the following conclusions can be drawn: Not considering possible but not yet demonstrated beneficial long-term effects, the incorporation of high-dose AraC into induction therapy has not resulted in an improvement of overall remission rate, with the possible exception of patients with slow initial cytoreduction after a first course of conventional treatment. Promising results, however, emerge from high-dose AraC-based consolidation protocols, which need confirmation in prospectively randomized comparative trials. In relapsed and refractory AML, higher than conventional doses undoubtedly enhance the efficacy of AraC salvage therapy. The question of whether the antileukemic activity of intermediate-dose regimens with 500-1,000 mg/m2 AraC is equivalent to that of high-dose protocols applying 2,000-3,000 mg/m2 AraC, however, remains open but may soon be answered by ongoing controlled clinical and pharmacologic investigations.
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