Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20308164›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2010

Quantitative profiling of the full APOBEC3 mRNA repertoire in lymphocytes and tissues: implications for HIV-1 restriction.

Eric W Refsland, Mark D Stenglein, Keisuke Shindo, John S Albin, William L Brown, Reuben S Harris

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 255 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
255citing papers in PubMed
12.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

255 citing papers in PubMed, 366 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Squamous-state excursions activate APOBEC3A in cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Journal of virology · 2026
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195 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eric W RefslandDepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute for Molecular Virology, Center for Genome Engineering, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Mark D Stenglein
Keisuke Shindo
John S Albin
William L Brown
Reuben S Harris
University of Minnesota · USMasonic Cancer Center

Funding

TRAINING GRANT IN MICROBIOLOGY/CANCER RESEARCHT32CA009138 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI Scott M. Dehm · 1985 to 2026
$11.3M
APOBEC3 Proteins in HIV RestrictionR37AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2015 to 2024
$4.2M
Minnesota Training Program in VirologyT32AI083196 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Louis M Mansky · 2010 to 2026
$3.2M
APOBEC proteins and uracil in retrovirus restrictionR01AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2005 to 2014
$3.0M
APOBEC3 Proteins in HIV RestrictionR56AI064046 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI HARRIS, REUBEN S · 2010 to 2010
$524k
Determining the Role of APOBEC3 Proteins in HIV-1 Drug ResistanceF30DA026310 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI ALBIN, JOHN S. · 2009 to 2012
$181k
The involvement of the TERT-RMRP complex in the cellular functions of TERTF32GM090437 · NIGMS · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI ROSENBLUH, JOSEPH · 2010 to 2011
$104k
NCI NIH HHS CA009138NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009138NIAID NIH HHS AI064046NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI083196NIDA NIH HHS F30 DA026310NIGMS NIH HHS GM090437
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The human APOBEC3 proteins are DNA cytidine deaminases that impede the replication of many different transposons and viruses. The genes that encode APOBEC3A, APOBEC3B, APOBEC3C, APOBEC3D, APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G and APOBEC3H were generated through relatively recent recombination events. The resulting high degree of inter-relatedness has complicated the development of specific quantitative PCR assays for these genes despite considerable interest in understanding their expression profiles. Here, we describe a set of quantitative PCR assays that specifically measures the mRNA levels of each APOBEC3 gene. The specificity and sensitivity of each assay was validated using a full matrix of APOBEC3 cDNA templates. The assays were used to quantify the APOBEC3 repertoire in multiple human T-cell lines, bulk leukocytes and leukocyte subsets, and 20 different human tissues. The data demonstrate that multiple APOBEC3 genes are expressed constitutively in most types of cells and tissues, and that distinct APOBEC3 genes are induced upon T-cell activation and interferon treatment. These data help define the APOBEC3 repertoire relevant to HIV-1 restriction in T cells, and they suggest a general model in which multiple APOBEC3 proteins function together to provide a constitutive barrier to foreign genetic elements, which can be fortified by transcriptional induction.

Indexed as

APOBEC DeaminasesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCell LineCells, CulturedCytidine DeaminaseCytosine DeaminaseGene Expression ProfilingHIV-1HumansInterferonsLeukocytesMultigene FamilyPolymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerTissue DistributionT-LymphocytesAPOBEC3 proteins, humanAPOBEC DeaminasesCytidine DeaminaseCytosine DeaminaseInterferonsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID20308164
PMCPMC2910054
OpenAlexW2033218403

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.