ArticlePloS one2010
Cyclic and acyclic defensins inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 replication by different mechanisms.
Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- The macrocyclic peptide rhesus theta defensin 1 activates interferon and antiviral pathways in human monocytes.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Article
- HNP-1: From Structure to Application Thanks to Multifaceted Functions.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Resistance is futile: targeting multidrug-resistant bacteria withRSC chemical biology · 2023Review
- Defensins: defenders of human reproductive health.Human reproduction update · 2023Review
- Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intravenous RTD-1.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Immunomodulatory and Allergenic Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Host Defense Peptides as Templates for Antifungal Drug Development.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Defensins: A Double-Edged Sword in Host Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Theta-Defensins Inhibit High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Through Charge-Driven Capsid Clustering.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Antiviral Activities of Human Host Defense Peptides.Current medicinal chemistry · 2020Review
- Discovery and mechanisms of host defense to oncogenesis: targeting the β-defensin-1 peptide as a natural tumor inhibitor.Cancer biology & therapy · 2019Article
- New Antimicrobial Potential and Structural Properties of PAFB: A Cationic, Cysteine-Rich Protein from Penicillium chrysogenum Q176.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Perspectives for clinical use of engineered human host defense antimicrobial peptides.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2017Review
- Early type I Interferon response induces upregulation of human β-defensin 1 during acute HIV-1 infection.PloS one · 2017Article
- The Role of Defensins in HIV Pathogenesis.Mediators of inflammation · 2017Review
- The Human Antimicrobial Protein Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (BPI) Inhibits the Infectivity of Influenza A Virus.PloS one · 2016Article
- Rhesus macaque θ-defensin RTD-1 inhibits proinflammatory cytokine secretion and gene expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2015Article
- Host factors and early treatments to restrict paediatric HIV infection and early disease progression.Journal of virus eradication · 2015Review
- Protein and oligonucleotide delivery systems for vaginal microbicides against viral STIs.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2015Review
- HbAHP-25, an In-Silico Designed Peptide, Inhibits HIV-1 Entry by Blocking gp120 Binding to CD4 Receptor.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Defensins are antimicrobial peptides expressed by plants and animals. In mammals there are three subfamilies of defensins, distinguished by structural features: alpha, beta and theta. Alpha and beta-defensins are linear peptides with broad anti-microbial activity that are expressed by many mammals including humans. In contrast, theta-defensins are cyclic anti-microbial peptides made by several non-human primates but not humans. All three defensin types have anti-HIV-1 activity, but their mechanisms of action differ. We studied the anti-HIV-1 activity of one defensin from each group, HNP-1 (alpha), HBD-2 (beta) and RTD-1 (theta). We examined how each defensin affected HIV-1 infection and demonstrated that the cyclic defensin RTD-1 inhibited HIV-1 entry, while acyclic HNP-1 and HBD-2 inhibited HIV-1 replication even when added 12 hours post-infection and blocked viral replication after HIV-1 cDNA formation. We further found that all three defensins downmodulated CXCR4. Moreover, RTD-1 inactivated X4 HIV-1, while HNP-1 and HBD-2 inactivated both X4 and R5 HIV-1. The data presented here show that acyclic and cyclic defensins block HIV-1 replication by shared and diverse mechanisms. Moreover, we found that HNP-1 and RTD-1 directly inhibited firefly luciferase enzymatic activity, which may affect the interpretation of previously published data.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.