ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
Functional delivery of viral miRNAs via exosomes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 932 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
932 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serum extracellular vesicle RNA profiles in long COVID: insights from exercise-induced gene modulation.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Exercise enhances aged chondrocyte health through microRNA-29-enriched extracellular vesicles.Nature aging · 2026Article
- Nanocarrier Systems for Plant-Derived Bioactives: Design, Biosafety, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- MSC EVs Deliver miRNAs into Cardiomyocytes via EIPA-Sensitive and Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Exosomal micro ribonucleic acid-154-5p derived from vascular smooth muscle cell mediates intracranial aneurysm phenotype in vitro via myosin light chain kinase targeting.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Full-Spectrum Sequencing Analysis of RNA TOP-PCR-Amplified Extracellular Vesicle RNAs (EV-RNAs) for Healthy Males.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Urinary exosomal microRNAs in Kawasaki disease and their changes after treatment.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Plasma exosome-derived miRNA-887-5p alleviates high glucose- and lipid-induced endothelial cell dysfunction.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Article
- P22 Small Noncoding RNAs Are Actively Secreted inNon-coding RNA · 2026Article
- Exosomal miRNA-218-5p derived from low-passage dermal papilla cells modulates hair follicle growth and development.Non-coding RNA research · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles from wild-type Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cells export host DNA and EBV EBER1.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle-encapsulated microRNA-425 promotes tumor development and serves as a biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of extracellular vesicles released from resting neutrophils under distinct pharmacological inhibition.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Rethinking Extracellular Vesicle Signaling.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Dengue virus harnesses mosquito Syntenin to load and secrete viral RNA into salivary exosomes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Small RNA sequencing analysis identified miR159a as a novel candidate for activity in plant-derived nanovesicles from limon, hassaku, and sudachi.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Comprehensive Review of Their Origins, Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in myocardial infarction repair: therapeutic potential and scaffold-based delivery strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Exosomes in Osteoarthritis: Emerging Roles in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Potential.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Uncovering the dynamics of extracellular vesicle microRNA trafficking in multiple sclerosis: delivery, diversion and retention.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
872 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Noncoding regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) of cellular and viral origin control gene expression by repressing the translation of mRNAs into protein. Interestingly, miRNAs are secreted actively through small vesicles called "exosomes" that protect them from degradation by RNases, suggesting that these miRNAs may function outside the cell in which they were produced. Here we demonstrate that miRNAs secreted by EBV-infected cells are transferred to and act in uninfected recipient cells. Using a quantitative RT-PCR approach, we demonstrate that mature EBV-encoded miRNAs are secreted by EBV-infected B cells through exosomes. These EBV-miRNAs are functional because internalization of exosomes by MoDC results in a dose-dependent, miRNA-mediated repression of confirmed EBV target genes, including CXCL11/ITAC, an immunoregulatory gene down-regulated in primary EBV-associated lymphomas. We demonstrate that throughout coculture of EBV-infected B cells EBV-miRNAs accumulate in noninfected neighboring MoDC and show that this accumulation is mediated by transfer of exosomes. Thus, the exogenous EBV-miRNAs transferred through exosomes are delivered to subcellular sites of gene repression in recipient cells. Finally, we show in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with increased EBV load that, although EBV DNA is restricted to the circulating B-cell population, EBV BART miRNAs are present in both B-cell and non-B-cell fractions, suggestive of miRNA transfer. Taken together our findings are consistent with miRNA-mediated gene silencing as a potential mechanism of intercellular communication between cells of the immune system that may be exploited by the persistent human gamma-herpesvirus EBV.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.