ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2010
Impaired antigen processing and presentation machinery is associated with immunotolerant state in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- TLR agonists as adjuvants for viral vaccines: mechanisms, applications, and future directions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants in the prevention of viral infections: an overview.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- CON: All Patients With Immune-Tolerated Hepatitis B Virus Do Not Need to Be Treated.Clinical liver disease · 2020Review
- To the Skin and Beyond: The Immune Response to African Trypanosomes as They Enter and Exit the Vertebrate Host.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Immune Ecosystem of Virus-Infected Host Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Naturally occurring core immune-escape and carboxy-terminal mutations\truncations in patients with e antigen negative chronic hepatitis B.Hepatology international · 2012Article
- Immune tolerant hepatitis B: a clinical dilemma.Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2011Article
- Natural killer cells in hepatitis B virus infection.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesReview
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe mechanism of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T cell hyporesponsiveness in hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg)-positive subjects is not well understood. Inefficient antigen processing and transport to major histocompatibility complex class I molecules, namely due to low molecular weight protein (LMP) 2 and 7 and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) 1 and 2 genes could be playing a role. PATIENTS AND
methodsForty patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, hepatitis B surface antigen, and HBeAg positive; 26 with raised (Gr. I) and 14 with persistently normal ALT levels (Gr. II) and 11 healthy controls (Gr. III) were studied. Total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mRNA expression of TAP1, TAP2, LMP2, and LMP7 genes was analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using log-log and linear graphs, respectively.
resultsGroup II CHB patients had significantly lower mRNA expression for TAP1 (p = 0.003) and LMP2 (p = 0.002) genes as compared to Gr. I patients. The mRNA expression of TAP2 and LMP7 genes was comparable between the groups. However, expression of TAP1 (p = 0.02), TAP2 (p = 0.035), and LMP2 (p = 0.041) was found to be significantly higher in Gr. III subjects compared to Gr. I and Gr. II patients. In Gr. I and II, the IFN-gamma {s54.2{9.4-165} pg/ml), (59.5{28.5-110} pg/ml)}, and TNF-alpha {12.0 (8.0-23.2)},{10.8(6.2-20.8)} pg/ml levels were comparable but were significantly (p = 0.00,0.004, respectively) higher than Gr. III subjects.
conclusionsLow expression of TAP1 and LMP2 suggests an important role of these genes in defective viral antigen processing in immune tolerant state of CHB patients. Higher IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production in CHB are probably enough to potentiate liver injury but not enough to clear the chronic HBV infection. These novel observations could pave way for new therapeutic strategies for immune restoration in CHB infected patients.
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