ReviewCritical care (London, England)2010
Clinical review: the role of biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 182 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum activin A as a prognostic biomarker for community acquired pneumonia.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Trial
- Can Biomarkers Correctly Predict Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Patients Treated With Targeted Temperature Management After Cardiac Arrest? An Exploratory Study of the Multicenter Randomized Antibiotic (ANTHARTIC) Study.Critical care explorations · 2024Trial
- A randomized trial to compare procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in assessing severity of sepsis and in guiding antibacterial therapy in Egyptian critically ill patients.Irish journal of medical science · 2021Trial
- Metabolic profiles in community-acquired pneumonia: developing assessment tools for disease severity.Critical care (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Cytokine Concentrations in Plasma from Children with Severe and Non-Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Biomarker-enhanced triage in respiratory infections: a proof-of-concept feasibility trial.The European respiratory journal · 2013Trial
- Serum procalcitonin is not an early marker of pulmonary exacerbation in children with cystic fibrosis.European journal of pediatrics · 2012Trial
- Early Peri-Admission Lactate-to-Albumin (LAR), C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin (CAR), and Procalcitonin-to-Albumin (PAR) Ratios and ICU Mortality in a Tertiary Cardiac ICU.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Laboratory characteristics and immune-inflammatory profiles ofFrontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Metabolomic profiling of host-pathogen interactions: differential effects of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial secretomes on THP-1 macrophage metabolism.RSC advances · 2025Article
- A 5-transcript signature for discriminating viral and bacterial etiology in pediatric pneumonia.iScience · 2025Article
- Longitudinal relationships between serum ferritin and prognosis among severe community-acquired pneumonia patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Current Diagnostic Techniques for Pneumonia: A Scoping Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Metabolomics Study Revealing Purines as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients with Community─Acquired Pneumonia.Journal of proteome research · 2023Article
- PROCALCITONIN GUIDED ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP: A BALKAN EXPERT CONSENSUS STATEMENT.Acta clinica Croatica · 2023Article
- How to use biomarkers of infection or sepsis at the bedside: guide to clinicians.Intensive care medicine · 2023Review
- Myristoyl lysophosphatidylcholine is a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for community-acquired pneumonia.Redox biology · 2022Article
- N-myc and STAT interactor is a novel biomarker of severity in community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective study.Respiratory research · 2022Observational
- Respiratory MUC5B disproportion is involved in severe community-acquired pneumonia.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In patients with community-acquired pneumonia, traditional criteria of infection based on clinical signs and symptoms, clinical scoring systems, and general inflammatory indicators (for example, leukocytosis, fever, C-reactive protein and blood cultures) are often of limited clinical value and remain an unreliable guide to etiology, optimal therapy and prognosis. Procalcitonin is superior to other commonly used markers in its specificity for bacterial infection (allowing alternative diagnoses to be excluded), as an indicator of disease severity and risk of death, and mainly as a guide to the necessity for antibiotic therapy. It can therefore be viewed as a diagnostic, prognostic, and perhaps even theragnostic test. It more closely matches the criteria for usefulness than other candidate biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, which is rather a nonspecific marker of acute phase inflammation, and proinflammatory cytokines such as plasma IL-6 levels that are highly variable, cumbersome to measure, and lack specificity for systemic infection. Elevated levels of pro-adrenomedullin, copeptin (which is produced in equimolar amounts to vasopressin), natriuretic peptides and cortisol are significantly related to mortality in community-acquired pneumonia, as are other prohormones such as pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, coagulation markers, and other combinations of inflammatory cytokine profiles. However, all biomarkers have weaknesses as well as strengths. None should be used on its own; and none is anything more than an aid in the exercise of clinical judgment based upon a synthesis of available clinical, physiologic and laboratory features in each patient.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.