ArticleAging2009
Attainment of polarity promotes growth factor secretion by retinal pigment epithelial cells: relevance to age-related macular degeneration.
Article in Aging, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- L-DOPA enhances iRPE differentiation via Wnt signaling and improves cytotherapy for retinal degradation.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- A model for de novo pigmentation of amelanotic retinal pigment epithelial cells.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- AI driven 3D subcellular RPE map discovers cell state transitions in establishment of apical-basal polarity.NPJ artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- RAGE Is Essential for Subretinal Fibrosis in Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization: Therapeutic Implications.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Allogeneic RPE cell suspension manufactured at scale demonstrating preclinical safety and efficacy led to IND approval.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- The endoplasmic reticulum: Homeostasis and crosstalk in retinal health and disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Paraoxonase 2 Deficiency Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and Retinal Degeneration in Mice.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The impact of early RPE cell junction loss on VEGF, Ang-2, and TIMP secretion in vitro.Molecular vision · 2023Article
- Altered zinc homeostasis in a primary cell culture model of the retinal pigment epithelium.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Oxidative Stress and Lipid Accumulation Augments Cell Death in LDLR-Deficient RPE Cells andCells · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Prevention of Dispase-Induced PVR by Delivery of an Antioxidant αB Crystallin Peptide.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Secreted VEGF-A Induces Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Expression in Endothelial Cells.Cells · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of RPE senescence and potential role of αB crystallin peptide as a senolytic agent in experimental AMD.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Review
- DS-7080a, a Selective Anti-ROBO4 Antibody, Shows Anti-Angiogenic Efficacy with Distinctly Different Profiles from Anti-VEGF Agents.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Retinal pigment epithelium polarity in health and blinding diseases.Current opinion in cell biology · 2020Review
- Optimization of an in vitro bilayer model for studying the functional interplay between human primary retinal pigment epithelial and choroidal endothelial cells isolated from donor eyes.BMC research notes · 2019Article
- Characterization and Regulation of Carrier Proteins of Mitochondrial Glutathione Uptake in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2019Article
- Cell Therapy for Retinal Dystrophies: From Cell Suspension Formulation to Complex Retinal Tissue Bioengineering.Stem cells international · 2019Review
- A Role for βA3/A1-Crystallin in Type 2 EMT of RPE Cells Occurring in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The antiangiogenic and neurotrophic growth factor, pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF), and the proangiogenic growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF), are released from retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells where they play a critical role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Since RPE polarity may be altered in advanced AMD, we studied the effect of polarization of differentiated, human RPE monolayer cultures on expression and secretion of PEDF and VEGF. Polarized RPE demonstrated apical microvilli, expression of tight junction proteins, apical localization of Na/K- ATPase, and high transepithelial resistance (490 +/- 17 Omega x cm(2)). PEDF secretion was about 1000 fold greater than that for VEGF in both polarized and non-polarized cultures. Polarization of the RPE monolayer increased PEDF secretion, which was predominantly apical, by 34 fold (p<0.02) and VEGF secretion, which was predominantly basolateral, by 5.7 fold (p<0.02). Treatment of non-polarized RPE cultures with bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) had no effect on PEDF or VEGF secretion, but resulted in a dose-dependent >2-fold increase in basolateral VEGF secretion (p<0.05) in polarized cultures. Our data show that polarity is an important determinant of the level of PEDF and VEGF secretion in RPE and support the contention that loss of polarity of RPE in AMD results in marked loss of neurotrophic and vascular support for the retina potentially leading to photoreceptor loss and blindness.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.