ArticleArthritis and rheumatism2010
Regulation of CCN2/connective tissue growth factor expression in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc: role of Smad and activator protein 1 signaling.
Article in Arthritis and rheumatism, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of garlic and its active metabolites on degenerative musculoskeletal diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- SDC4 drives fibrotic remodeling of the intervertebral disc under altered spinal loading.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Cellular senescence and other age-related mechanisms in skeletal diseases.Bone research · 2025Review
- Nucleus pulposus cell network modelling in the intervertebral disc.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Article
- Current Therapeutic Strategies of Intervertebral Disc Regenerative Medicine.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2024Review
- Review
- Proteomic Analysis of Dupuytren's Contracture-Derived Sweat Glands Revealed the Synthesis of Connective Tissue Growth Factor and Initiation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition as Major Pathogenetic Events.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Current Status of the Instructional Cues Provided by Notochordal Cells in Novel Disc Repair Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Verteporfin treatment controls morphology, phenotype, and global gene expression for cells of the human nucleus pulposus.JOR spine · 2020Article
- HIF-hypoxia signaling in skeletal muscle physiology and fibrosis.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2020Review
- Mechanosensitive transcriptional coactivators MRTF-A and YAP/TAZ regulate nucleus pulposus cell phenotype through cell shape.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
- NFAT5/TonEBP controls early acquisition of notochord phenotypic markers, collagen composition, and sonic hedgehog signaling during mouse intervertebral disc embryogenesis.Developmental biology · 2019Article
- p16Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2019Article
- Ligustrazine Prevents Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Suppression of Aberrant TGFBioMed research international · 2019Article
- NTG-101: A Novel Molecular Therapy that Halts the Progression of Degenerative Disc Disease.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- CCN family member 2/connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is regulated by Wnt-β-catenin signaling in nucleus pulposus cells.Arthritis research & therapy · 2018Article
- Article
- A novel mouse model of intervertebral disc degeneration shows altered cell fate and matrix homeostasis.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2018Article
- Onset and Progression of Human Osteoarthritis-Can Growth Factors, Inflammatory Cytokines, or Differential miRNA Expression Concomitantly Induce Proliferation, ECM Degradation, and Inflammation in Articular Cartilage?International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Nogo-C regulates post myocardial infarction fibrosis through the interaction with ER CaCell death & disease · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) regulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in cells of the nucleus pulposus of rats, mice, and humans.
methodsReal-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were used to measure CTGF expression in the nucleus pulposus. Transfections were used to measure the effects of Smads 2, 3, and 7 and activator protein 1 (AP-1) on TGFbeta-mediated CTGF promoter activity.
resultsCTGF expression was lower in neonatal rat discs than in skeletally mature rat discs. An increase in CTGF expression and promoter activity was observed in rat nucleus pulposus cells after TGFbeta treatment. Deletion analysis indicated that promoter constructs lacking Smad and AP-1 motifs were unresponsive to treatment. Analysis showed that full-length Smad3 and the Smad3 MH-2 domain alone increased CTGF activity. Further evidence of Smad3 and AP-1 involvement was seen when DN-Smad3, SiRNA-Smad3, Smad7, and DN-AP-1 suppressed TGFbeta-mediated activation of the CTGF promoter. When either Smad3 or AP-1 sites were mutated, CTGF promoter induction by TGFbeta was suppressed. We also observed a decrease in the expression of CTGF in discs from Smad3-null mice as compared with those from wild-type mice. Analysis of human nucleus pulposus samples indicated a trend toward increasing CTGF and TGFbeta expression in the degenerated state.
conclusionTGFbeta, through Smad3 and AP-1, serves as a positive regulator of CTGF expression in the nucleus pulposus. We propose that CTGF is a part of the limited reparative response of the degenerated disc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.