ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2010
NK cells influence both innate and adaptive immune responses after mucosal immunization with antigen and mucosal adjuvant.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age-Related Changes in the Natural Killer Cell Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Are Not Influenced by a Synbiotic: a Randomised Controlled Trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Effects of natural killer cell depletion on innate and adaptive immune responses to COVID mRNA vaccination.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- TLR7 deficiency enhances inflammation in the URT but reduces LRT immunity following influenza A infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interferon-β and interleukin-6 exert opposing effects on Foxp3 acetylation to control regulatory T cell induction.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Vaccination of calves with Bacille Calmette Guerin increased the frequency but did not affect aggregation or clustering of natural killer cells in draining lymph nodes.Discovery immunology · 2025Article
- Innate Lymphoid Cells and Natural Killer Cells in Bacterial Infections: Function, Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Targets.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Live Vaccines Have Different NK Cells and Neutrophils Requirements for the Development of a Protective Immune Response Against Tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Synthesis of interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 6 in human lymphocytes is stimulated by tributyltin.Archives of toxicology · 2018Article
- Butyltin compounds alter secretion of interleukin 6 from human immune cells.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2018Article
- Positive & Negative Roles of Innate Effector Cells in Controlling Cancer Progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Induction of Cell Cycle and NK Cell Responses by Live-Attenuated Oral Vaccines against Typhoid Fever.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- CCL3 Enhances Antitumor Immune Priming in the Lymph NodeFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Roles and relevance of mast cells in infection and vaccination.Journal of biomedical research · 2016Review
- Natural killer cells regulate Th1/Treg and Th17/Treg balance in chlamydial lung infection.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2016Article
- Article
- Review
- Conjunctival scarring in trachoma is associated with the HLA-C ligand of KIR and is exacerbated by heterozygosity at KIR2DL2/KIR2DL3.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Conventional NK cells can produce IL-22 and promote host defense in Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Role of NK cells in host defense against pulmonary type A Francisella tularensis infection.Microbes and infection · 2013Article
- Natural killer cells protect against mucosal and systemic infection with the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium.Infection and immunity · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
NK cells were found to be recruited in a temporally controlled manner to the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue and the cervical lymph nodes of mice after intranasal immunization with Ag85B-early secreted antigenic target 6 kDa from Mycobacterium tuberculosis mixed with Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin as adjuvant. These NK cells were activated and secreted a diverse range of cytokines and other immunomodulators. Using Ab depletion targeting anti-asialo GM1, we found evidence for altered trafficking, impaired activation, and cytokine secretion of dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in immunized NK cell-depleted mice compared with control animals. Analysis of Ag-specific immune responses revealed an attenuated Ab and cytokine response in immunized NK cell-depleted animals. Systemic administration of rIL-6 but not rIFN-gamma significantly restored immune responses in mice depleted of NK cells. In conclusion, cytokine production, particularly IL-6, via NK cells and NK cell-activated immune populations plays an important role in the establishment of local innate immune responses and the consequent development of adaptive immunity after mucosal immunization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.