ArticleImmunology letters2010
Interplay of protease-activated receptors and NOD pattern recognition receptors in epithelial innate immune responses to bacteria.
Article in Immunology letters, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiota-mediated modulation of radiosensitivity: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of oral and gut microbiota, metabolites, and probiotics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Current Understanding and Management of Plasma Cell Mastitis: Can We Benefit from What We Know?Breast care (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Pathogenic Mechanisms ofFrontiers in oral health · 2022Review
- NSAID-Associated Small Intestinal Injury: An Overview From Animal Model Development to Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Biofilm-stimulated epithelium modulates the inflammatory responses in co-cultured immune cells.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Duodenal bacterial proteolytic activity determines sensitivity to dietary antigen through protease-activated receptor-2.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Genotype-specific regulation of oral innate immunity by T2R38 taste receptor.Molecular immunology · 2015Article
- Alterations of the Subgingival Microbiota in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Studied Longitudinally in Discovery and Validation Cohorts.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2015Article
- NOD2 contributes to Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced bone resorption.Journal of dental research · 2014Article
- Article
- Porphyromonas gingivalis oral infection exacerbates the development and severity of collagen-induced arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2013Article
- IL-32-PAR2 axis is an innate immunity sensor providing alternative signaling for LPS-TRIF axis.Scientific reports · 2013Article
- Cross-talk between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR(2) ) is involved in vascular function.British journal of pharmacology · 2013Article
- Epigenetic regulation of human β-defensin 2 and CC chemokine ligand 20 expression in gingival epithelial cells in response to oral bacteria.Mucosal immunology · 2011Article
- Inhibition of the Plasma-Membrane-Associated Serine Protease Cathepsin G by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3364c Suppresses Caspase-1 and Pyroptosis in Macrophages.Frontiers in microbiology · 2011Article
- The epigenetic paradigm in periodontitis pathogenesis.Journal of Indian Society of PeriodontologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Protease-activated receptors (PARs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) receptors and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in innate immunity, but little is known about interaction between these receptors. The goal of this study was to investigate how silencing one receptor affects the expression of other receptors and downstream innate immune markers in response to bacteria. Human gingival epithelial cells (GECs) were transfected with siRNA specific for PAR1 or PAR2, then stimulated with periopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis, bridging organism between pathogens and non-pathogens Fusobacterium nucleatum, or non-pathogen Streptococcus gordonii. PAR1 or PAR2 knock-down resulted in up-regulated NOD1 and NOD2 expression with P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum stimulation (p<0.01), as well as enhanced TLR2 and TLR4 expression when cells were stimulated by bacteria that utilize TLR2 or TLR4, respectively. Involvement of PARs for induction of CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20), a cytokine with antimicrobial properties, was observed following stimulation of the three bacterial species. Furthermore, results from multiple cytokine ELISA array showed receptors utilized in the induction of various innate immune markers are tailored to individual bacterium tested. Our data suggest complex interplay of several receptors is required for appropriate innate immune responses to the different types of bacteria present within the oral cavity and that receptor expression itself is altered depending on which organism the cell encounters.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.