Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2010
Higher habitual sodium intake is not detrimental for bones in older women with adequate calcium intake.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- High salt intake and bone health in postmenopausal women: exposing the lack of studies - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- 24-hour sodium and potassium excretion in the Americas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2022Review
- Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Dietary Supplementation to Prevent Bone Mineral Density Loss: A Food Pyramid.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Article
- Dietary reference values for sodium.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2019Article
- Nutrition and osteoporosis prevention for the orthopaedic surgeon: A wholefoods approach.EFORT open reviews · 2017Article
- High dietary sodium intake is associated with low bone mass in postmenopausal women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2011.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Article
- The association between urinary sodium to potassium ratio and bone density in middle-aged Chinese adults.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Article
- Sodium Intake and Osteoporosis. Findings From the Women's Health Initiative.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Observational
- The relationship between sodium intake and some bone minerals and osteoporosis risk assessment instrument in postmenopausal women.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2016Article
- The acid-ash hypothesis revisited: a reassessment of the impact of dietary acidity on bone.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2014Review
- Article
- Not Salt But Sugar As Aetiological In Osteoporosis: A Review.Missouri medicineReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Based on the calciuric effect of sodium (Na), it has been speculated, although not proven, that higher Na intake might have a detrimental effect on bone health. The objective was to determine the relationship between Na intake (expressed as urinary Na) and bone mineral density/content (BMD/BMC) during a 3-year study. Participants were healthy, postmenopausal, Caucasian women (n = 136 at baseline) with no medications affecting bone. After baseline screening, half were instructed to reduce sodium intake to approximately 1,500 mg/day (intervention). The other half remained on habitual intake of approximately 3,000 mg/day (control). All subjects were given calcium and vitamin D supplements to achieve recommended levels. Anthropometries, densitometry, blood and 24-h urine analyses, and dietary and activity records were assessed every 6 months. Data were analyzed as a continuum, irrespective of the initial assignment to a control or intervention group, using random effects regressions with repeated measures analysis of variance to examine changes over time. Results showed that subjects with higher Na intake had higher BMD in the forearm and spine at baseline and all subsequent time-points (p < 0.01). In the forearm, time and higher urinary calcium modified results, producing a curvilinear decrease in BMD (p < 0.01). In the spine, more active individuals had higher BMD at all time-points. We conclude that higher sodium intake, within the range consumed, had a positive effect on some skeletal sites and no adverse effect on bone in women who had adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.