ArticlePloS one2010
pH-Dependent metal ion toxicity influences the antibacterial activity of two natural mineral mixtures.
Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural and Engineered Halloysite Clay Interact with Bacteria in a Double-Edged Manner.ACS applied bio materials · 2026Article
- Modification of Natural Clays with Magnetite to Provide Boosted Antimicrobial Properties and Chemopreventive Activity Against Melanoma.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nutritional value antioxidant strength and antimicrobial efficacy of fig pastes from eastern morocco.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antioxidant potential, antimicrobial activity, polyphenol profile analysis, and cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines of hydro-ethanolic extracts of leaves of (Frontiers in chemistry · 2024Article
- Antibacterial Activity of Clay Soils against Food-BorneMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Bacteriostatic and bactericidal clays: an overview.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2020Review
- Article
- Targeting redox heterogeneity to counteract drug tolerance in replicatingScience translational medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Unraveling the antibacterial mode of action of a clay from the Colombian Amazon.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2016Article
- In vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo efficacy of hydrated clays on Mycobacterium ulcerans growth.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2016Article
- Natural and ion-exchanged illite clays reduce bacterial burden and inflammation in cutaneous meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in mice.Journal of medical microbiology · 2016Article
- The effect of pyrite on Escherichia coli in water: proof-of-concept for the elimination of waterborne bacteria by reactive minerals.Journal of water and health · 2015Article
- Mineralogical variables that control the antibacterial effectiveness of a natural clay deposit.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2014Article
- Metal ions, not metal-catalyzed oxidative stress, cause clay leachate antibacterial activity.PloS one · 2014Article
- Exchangeable ions are responsible for the in vitro antibacterial properties of natural clay mixtures.PloS one · 2013Article
- Adaptation of the neutral bacterial comet assay to assess antimicrobial-mediated DNA double-strand breaks in Escherichia coli.Journal of microbiological methods · 2012Article
- What makes a natural clay antibacterial?Environmental science & technology · 2011Article
- Effects of antibacterial mineral leachates on the cellular ultrastructure, morphology, and membrane integrity of Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent studies have demonstrated that several mineral products sold for medicinal purposes demonstrate antimicrobial activity, but little is known about the physicochemical properties involved in antibacterial activity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsUsing in vitro mineral suspension testing, we have identified two natural mineral mixtures, arbitrarily designated BY07 and CB07, with antibacterial activity against a broad-spectrum of bacterial pathogens. Mineral-derived aqueous leachates also exhibited antibacterial activity, revealing that chemical, not physical, mineral characteristics were responsible for the observed activity. The chemical properties essential for bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli were probed by testing antibacterial activity in the presence of metal chelators, the hydroxyl radical scavenger, thiourea, and varying pH levels. Chelation of the BY07 minerals with EDTA or desferrioxamine eliminated or reduced BY07 toxicity, respectively, suggesting a role of an acid-soluble metal species, particularly Fe(3+) or other sequestered metal cations, in mineral toxicity. This conclusion was supported by NMR relaxation data, which indicated that BY07 and CB07 leachates contained higher concentrations of chemically accessible metal ions than leachates from non-bactericidal mineral samples. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that the acidic environment of the hydrated minerals significantly contributes to antibacterial activity by increasing the availability and toxicity of metal ions. These findings provide impetus for further investigation of the physiological effects of mineral products and their applications in complementary antibacterial therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.