ReviewPloS one2010
Effect of animal and industrial trans fatty acids on HDL and LDL cholesterol levels in humans--a quantitative review.
Review in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 87 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 315 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Health effects of saturated and trans-fatty acid intake in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Creating the Future of Evidence-Based Nutrition Recommendations: Case Studies from Lipid Research.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Pooled it
- Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Consumption of industrial and ruminant trans fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2011Pooled it
- Molecular effects of the consumption of margarine and butter varying in trans fat composition: a parallel human intervention study.Lipids in health and disease · 2022Trial
- Dietary Intake ofNutrients · 2021Trial
- Effects of butter from mountain-pasture grazing cows on risk markers of the metabolic syndrome compared with conventional Danish butter: a randomized controlled study.Lipids in health and disease · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Effects of conjugated linoleic acid and high oleic acid safflower oil in the treatment of children with HPV-induced laryngeal papillomatosis: a randomized, double-blinded and crossover preliminary study.Lipids in health and disease · 2012Trial
- Randomized controlled study of the effect of a butter naturally enriched in trans fatty acids on blood lipids in healthy women.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- Hidden Industrial Trans-Fatty Acids: Mechanistic Insights into Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Disease, and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Profiles and Cause-Specific Mortality: The Cardiovascular Health Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Biological Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Crayfish (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Investigation of the causal relationship of saturated fat acids on heart stroke: evidence from two-sample Mendelian randomization.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Metabolic profile of biodiverse diets in a healthy European cohort.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Trans Fats in Spanish Pastries and Their Influence on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior In Vitro and Related Health Risks.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Differential effects of industrial and ruminant trans fatty acids on appetitive memory.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- Chemical Profile and Potential Applications ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Awareness, knowledge, and behaviors regarding trans unsaturated fatty acids in a sample of Lebanese adults.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTrans fatty acids are produced either by industrial hydrogenation or by biohydrogenation in the rumens of cows and sheep. Industrial trans fatty acids lower HDL cholesterol, raise LDL cholesterol, and increase the risk of coronary heart disease. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids from ruminant animals are less clear. We reviewed the literature, estimated the effects trans fatty acids from ruminant sources and of conjugated trans linoleic acid (CLA) on blood lipoproteins, and compared these with industrial trans fatty acids. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe searched Medline and scanned reference lists for intervention trials that reported effects of industrial trans fatty acids, ruminant trans fatty acids or conjugated linoleic acid on LDL and HDL cholesterol in humans. The 39 studies that met our criteria provided results of 29 treatments with industrial trans fatty acids, 6 with ruminant trans fatty acids and 17 with CLA. Control treatments differed between studies; to enable comparison between studies we recalculated for each study what the effect of trans fatty acids on lipoprotein would be if they isocalorically replaced cis mono unsaturated fatty acids. In linear regression analysis the plasma LDL to HDL cholesterol ratio increased by 0.055 (95%CI 0.044-0.066) for each % of dietary energy from industrial trans fatty acids replacing cis monounsaturated fatty acids The increase in the LDL to HDL ratio for each % of energy was 0.038 (95%CI 0.012-0.065) for ruminant trans fatty acids, and 0.043 (95% CI 0.012-0.074) for conjugated linoleic acid (p = 0.99 for difference between CLA and industrial trans fatty acids; p = 0.37 for ruminant versus industrial trans fatty acids). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Published data suggest that all fatty acids with a double bond in the trans configuration raise the ratio of plasma LDL to HDL cholesterol.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.