ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2010
Persistent gamma-herpesvirus infection induces a CD4 T cell response containing functionally distinct effector populations.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The diagnostic value of lymphocyte profiling for infectious mononucleosis and mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- The diagnostic value of peripheral blood lymphocyte testing in children with infectious mononucleosis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Single-dose VSV-based vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques from disease after Taï Forest virus infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Newly recruited intraepithelial Ly6AImmunity · 2022Article
- Article
- Multifunctional cytokine production reveals functional superiority of memory CD4 T cells.European journal of immunology · 2019Article
- The Differentiation and Protective Function of Cytolytic CD4 T Cells in Influenza Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Functional heterogeneity in the CD4+ T cell response to murine γ-herpesvirus 68.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Article
- CD4 T cells specific for a latency-associated γ-herpesvirus epitope are polyfunctional and cytotoxic.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Article
- CD137L-stimulated dendritic cells are more potent than conventional dendritic cells at eliciting cytotoxic T-cell responses.Oncoimmunology · 2013Article
- High efficiency of antiviral CD4(+) killer T cells.PloS one · 2013Article
- Expanding roles for CD4 T cells and their subpopulations in tumor immunity and therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2013Article
- Herpesviruses placating the unwilling host: manipulation of the MHC class II antigen presentation pathway.Viruses · 2012Review
- Multifunctional CD4 cells expressing gamma interferon and perforin mediate protection against lethal influenza virus infection.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Human CD4+ T cell response to human herpesvirus 6.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Expanding roles for CD4⁺ T cells in immunity to viruses.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2012Review
- Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in antiviral immunity.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2011Review
- Cytolytic CD4(+) T cells in viral immunity.Expert review of vaccines · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The direct effector mechanisms of CD4 T cells during gamma-herpesvirus 68 (gammaHV68)-persistent infection are less well understood than those of their CD8 T cell counterparts, although there is substantial evidence that CD4 T cells are critical for the control of persistent gamma-herpesvirus infection. Our results show that in gammaHV68-persistently infected mice, CD4 T cells are not cytokine polyfunctional, but there is a division of labor in the CD4 T cell compartment in which CD4 T cells polarize toward two distinct populations with different effector functions: IFN-gamma producers and CD107(+) cytolytic effectors. These two CD4 T cell effector populations degranulate and produce IFN-gamma during steady state without need for exogenous antigenic restimulation, which is fundamentally different from that observed with gammaHV68-specific CD8 T cells. By using anti-IFN-gamma Ab depletions and IFN-gamma-deficient mice, we show that CD4 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo is not dependent on IFN-gamma activity. In addition, our data show that purified CD4 T cells isolated from gammaHV68-latently infected mice have the capacity to inhibit gammaHV68 reactivation from latency. Our results support the concept that CD4 T cells are critical effectors for the control of gamma-herpesvirus latent infection, and they mediate this effect by two independent mechanisms: IFN-gamma production and cytotoxicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.