Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20203662›Full record

ArticleNature protocols2010

Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures.

Feng Zhang, Viviana Gradinaru, Antoine R Adamantidis, Remy Durand, Raag D Airan, Luis de Lecea, Karl Deisseroth

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature protocols, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 335 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
335citing papers in PubMed
23.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

335 citing papers in PubMed, 694 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  6. Fabrication of High-Density Multimodal Neural Probes Based on Heterogeneously Integrated CMOS.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
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  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
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  15. Article
  16. In vivo functional screens revealScience advances · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. An Integrated Optogenetic and Bioelectronic Platform for Regulating Cardiomyocyte Function.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article

275 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Feng ZhangDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Viviana Gradinaru
Antoine R Adamantidis
Remy Durand
Raag D Airan
Luis de Lecea
Karl Deisseroth
Stanford University · US

Funding

NIH Director's Pioneer Award (RMI)DP1OD000616 · OD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI DEISSEROTH, KARL A. · 2005 to 2009
$3.8M
Probing of Hypothalamic circuits in arousal using optogeneticsK99NS065009 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ADAMANTIDIS, ANTOINE · 2009 to 2009
$90k
Decoding the Function of Adult Neurogenesis: From Neural Circuits to BehaviorF31NS059160 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ZHANG, FENG · 2007 to 2008
$74k
NIH HHS DP1 OD000616NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS059160NINDS NIH HHS K99 NS065009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Elucidation of the neural substrates underlying complex animal behaviors depends on precise activity control tools, as well as compatible readout methods. Recent developments in optogenetics have addressed this need, opening up new possibilities for systems neuroscience. Interrogation of even deep neural circuits can be conducted by directly probing the necessity and sufficiency of defined circuit elements with millisecond-scale, cell type-specific optical perturbations, coupled with suitable readouts such as electrophysiology, optical circuit dynamics measures and freely moving behavior in mammals. Here we collect in detail our strategies for delivering microbial opsin genes to deep mammalian brain structures in vivo, along with protocols for integrating the resulting optical control with compatible readouts (electrophysiological, optical and behavioral). The procedures described here, from initial virus preparation to systems-level functional readout, can be completed within 4-5 weeks. Together, these methods may help in providing circuit-level insight into the dynamics underlying complex mammalian behaviors in health and disease.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainCell LineElectrophysiological PhenomenaGene ExpressionGenetic VectorsHumansIn Vitro TechniquesMammalsMiceNerve NetOptical PhenomenaProtein EngineeringRatsRhodopsinRhodopsin

Identifiers

PMID20203662
PMCPMC4503465
OpenAlexW2115859705

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.