ReviewCurrent HIV research2010
The Vpu protein: new concepts in virus release and CD4 down-modulation.
Review in Current HIV research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity responses associated with slow progression of HIV infection.Immunology · 2013Trial
- The B169L protein of African swine fever virus functions as a viroporin that activates the calcium-mediated inflammasome.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Advances in Viroporin Function and Structure: A Comparative Analysis of Alphavirus 6K with Well-Characterized Viroporins.Viruses · 2025Review
- Downregulation of endogenous nectin1 in human keratinocytes by herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein D excludes superinfection but does not affect NK cell function.The Journal of general virology · 2024Article
- HIV-1 virological synapse formation enhances infection spread by dysregulating Aurora Kinase B.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The envelope proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV potently reduce the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).Retrovirology · 2022Article
- Viroporins: Structure, function, and their role in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2.The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology · 2022Review
- HIV-1 Impairment via UBE3A and HIV-1 Nef Interactions Utilizing the Ubiquitin Proteasome System.Viruses · 2019Article
- Role of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) in the HIV-1 Life Cycle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Structural determination of virus protein U from HIV-1 by NMR in membrane environments.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2015Article
- Article
- Viral targets of acylguanidines.Drug discovery today · 2012Review
- Viroporins: structure and biological functions.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2012Review
- Article
- HIV-1 Nef enhances dendritic cell-mediated viral transmission to CD4+ T cells and promotes T-cell activation.PloS one · 2012Article
- Mechanism of function of viral channel proteins and implications for drug development.International review of cell and molecular biology · 2012Review
- Transmembrane domain determinants of CD4 Downregulation by HIV-1 Vpu.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Lack of adaptation to human tetherin in HIV-1 group O and P.Retrovirology · 2011Article
- Modulation of HIV-1-host interaction: role of the Vpu accessory protein.Retrovirology · 2010Review
- Membrane raft association of the Vpu protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 correlates with enhanced virus release.Virology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and several simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) encode for a transmembrane protein known as Vpu (viral protein U). While one of the smallest of the HIV-1 proteins, it has two important functions within virus-infected cells. The first of these functions is the down-regulation of the CD4 receptor to prevent its interaction with the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. Vpu interacts with the CD4 receptor in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), resulting in its re-translocation across the RER and subsequent degradation via the proteasomal pathway. The second major function of the Vpu protein is to facilitate release of virus from infected cells. Previous studies have shown that virus release is cell type specific, suggesting that certain cells may express a restriction factor that inhibits virus release in the absence of Vpu. Recently, bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2/HM1.24/CD317/tetherin) has been identified as this factor. This review will focus on new findings within the last four years on the role of Vpu in CD4 down-regulation and the restriction of virus release from cells. We will relate these findings to virus pathogenesis and propose questions regarding BST-2 as a restriction factor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.