Trial reportNeurology2010
Ibudilast in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a neuroprotectant?
Trial report in Neurology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multi-Center, Open-Label Biomarker Study to Evaluate MN-166 in Subjects With Amyotrophic Literal Sclerosis (ALS)
Regeneration in Cervical Degenerative Myelopathy - a Multi-centre, Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo Controlled Trial Assessing the Efficacy of Ibudilast as an Adjuvant Treatment to Decompressive Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of ibudilast on thalamic volume in progressive multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Trial
- Effect of ibudilast on thalamic magnetization transfer ratio and volume in progressive multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Trial
- Assessing Neurofilaments as Biomarkers of Neuroprotection in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: From the MS-STAT Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Trial
- Neurofilament light chain in a phase 2 clinical trial of ibudilast in progressive multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Response to ibudilast treatment according to progressive multiple sclerosis disease phenotype.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2021Trial
- Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Targeting Neuroinflammation with Ibudilast to Treat Methamphetamine Use Disorder.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Trial
- Ibudilast attenuates peripheral inflammatory effects of methamphetamine in patients with methamphetamine use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Trial
- Phase 2 Trial of Ibudilast in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2018Trial
- Design, rationale, and baseline characteristics of the randomized double-blind phase II clinical trial of ibudilast in progressive multiple sclerosis.Contemporary clinical trials · 2016Trial
- Evolution of MS lesions to black holes under DNA vaccine treatment.Journal of neurology · 2012Trial
- Trial
- Use of blood-based neurofilament light chain as an endpoint in clinical trials of neurodegenerative conditions: a scoping review.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of cortical pathology in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis of the SPRINT-MS trial.BMJ neurology open · 2026Article
- Diffusion basis spectrum imaging and diffusion tensor imaging predict persistent black hole formation in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2024Article
- Disease Modifying Strategies in Multiple Sclerosis: New Rays of Hope to Combat Disability?Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Repurposing ibudilast to mitigate Alzheimer's disease by targeting inflammation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Emerging Potential of the Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitor Ibudilast for Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Update on Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A Narrative Review on Axonal Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- Emerging therapies to target CNS pathophysiology in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIbudilast is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor influencing inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and effects on MRI parameters of 2 different doses of ibudilast in relapsing forms of MS.
methodsIn this multicenter, double-blind, phase 2 trial, patients with relapsing MS and gadolinium-enhancing lesions were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive 30 or 60 mg ibudilast or placebo every day for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the cumulative number of newly active lesions on bimonthly brain MRI over 12 months. Secondary endpoints included relapse rate, change in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, T2-hyperintense and T1-hypointense lesion volumes, and percent brain volume change (PBVC).
resultsA total of 297 patients were randomized in 19 centers. During the first 12 months, the mean number of active lesions and relapse rate did not differ between treatment arms. A reduction in PBVC (p = 0.04) was found in the 60-mg group (0.8%) compared with placebo (1.2%). Post hoc analysis showed a reduction in the proportion active lesions that evolved into persistent black holes for the 60-mg (0.14; p = 0.004) and 30-mg (0.17; p = 0.036) groups compared with the placebo group (0.24). Over 2 years, there were fewer patients (p = 0.026) with confirmed progression on the EDSS. Treatment with ibudilast was generally safe and well tolerated.
conclusionIbudilast showed no beneficial effect on the rate of newly active lesions and relapses. However, preliminary evidence suggests that ibudilast seems to act in a neuroprotective fashion as measured by 2 independent MRI outcomes, with a possible beneficial clinical effect on disability progression. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This interventional study provides Class III evidence on the effect of ibudilast on disease activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.