ArticleJournal of virology2010
Innate immune responses and permissiveness to ranavirus infection of peritoneal leukocytes in the frog Xenopus laevis.
Article in Journal of virology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Dissection of the global responses of mandarin fish pyloric cecum to an acute ranavirus (MRV) infection reveals the formation of serositis and then ascites.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Peripheral B Lymphocyte Serves as a Reservoir for the Persistently Covert Infection of Mandarin FishViruses · 2024Article
- The Binding, Infection, and Promoted Growth ofViruses · 2024Article
- Non-Lethal Detection ofViruses · 2022Article
- Developmental exposure to thyroid disrupting chemical mixtures alters metamorphosis and post-metamorphic thymocyte differentiation.Current research in toxicology · 2022Article
- The Roles of Amphibian (Viruses · 2021Article
- TLR5-Mediated Reactivation of Quiescent Ranavirus FV3 inJournal of virology · 2021Article
- The Immune System and the Antiviral Responses in Chinese Giant Salamander,Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Amphibian (Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
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- Developmental exposure to chemicals associated with unconventional oil and gas extraction alters immune homeostasis and viral immunity of the amphibian Xenopus.The Science of the total environment · 2019Article
- Evaluating the Within-Host Dynamics ofViruses · 2019Article
- Article
- Functional variation at an expressed MHC class IIβ locus associates with Ranavirus infection intensity in larval anuran populations.Immunogenetics · 2019Article
- Article
- Amphibian (Viruses · 2018Article
- Distinct MHC class I-like interacting invariant T cell lineage at the forefront of mycobacterial immunity uncovered inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Frog Skin Innate Immune Defences: Sensing and Surviving Pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ranaviruses such as frog virus 3 ([FV3] family Iridoviridae) are increasingly prevalent pathogens that infect reptiles, amphibians, and fish worldwide. Whereas studies in the frog Xenopus laevis have revealed the critical involvement of CD8 T-cell and antibody responses in host resistance to FV3, little is known about the role played by innate immunity to infection with this virus. We have investigated the occurrence, composition, activation status, and permissiveness to infection of peritoneal leukocytes (PLs) in Xenopus adults during FV3 infection by microscopy, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription-PCR. The total number of PLs and the relative fraction of activated mononucleated macrophage-like cells significantly increase as early as 1 day postinfection (dpi), followed by NK cells at 3 dpi, before the peak of the T-cell response at 6 dpi. FV3 infection also induces a rapid upregulation of proinflammatory genes including arginase 1, interleukin-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Although PLs are susceptible to FV3 infection, as evidenced by apoptotic cells, active FV3 transcription, and the detection of viral particles by electron microscopy, the infection is weaker (fewer infectious particles), more transitory, and involves a smaller fraction (less than 1%) of PLs than the kidney, the main site of infection. However, viral DNA remains detectable in PLs for at least 3 weeks postinfection, past the point of viral clearance observed in the kidneys. This suggests that although PLs are actively involved in anti-FV3 immune responses, some of these cells can be permissive and harbor quiescent, asymptomatic FV3.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.