Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20194238›Full record

SynthesisAnnals of internal medicine2010

Systematic review: Vitamin D and calcium supplementation in prevention of cardiovascular events.

Lu Wang, JoAnn E Manson, Yiqing Song, Howard D Sesso

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Annals of internal medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers, 20 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
179citing papers in PubMed, 20 pooled it
52.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

179 citing papers in PubMed, 20 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 519 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
    Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2013
    Guideline
  15. Pooled it
  16. Pooled it
  17. Pooled it
  18. Cardiovascular effects of calcium supplementation.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2011
    Pooled it
  19. Pooled it
  20. Pooled it

119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lu WangBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. luwang@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
JoAnn E Manson
Yiqing Song
Howard D Sesso
Brigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

NHLBI NIH HHS HL075445
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVitamin D and calcium may affect the cardiovascular system independently and interactively. PURPOSE: To assess whether vitamin D and calcium supplements reduce the risk for cardiovascular events in adults. DATA SOURCES: Studies published in English from 1966 to July 2009 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. STUDY SELECTION: Two investigators independently selected 17 prospective studies and randomized trials that examined vitamin D supplementation, calcium supplementation, or both and subsequent cardiovascular events. DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted and checked data about study designs, participants, exposures or interventions, outcomes, and data quality. DATA SYNTHESIS: Five prospective studies of patients receiving dialysis and 1 study involving a general population showed consistent reductions in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among adults who received vitamin D supplements. Four prospective studies of initially healthy persons found no differences in incidence of CVD between calcium supplement recipients and nonrecipients. Results of secondary analyses in 8 randomized trials showed a slight but statistically nonsignificant reduction in CVD risk (pooled relative risk, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.05]) with vitamin D supplementation at moderate to high doses (approximately 1000 IU/d) but not with calcium supplementation (pooled relative risk, 1.14 [CI, 0.92 to 1.41]), or a combination of vitamin D and calcium supplementation (pooled relative risk, 1.04 [CI, 0.92 to 1.18]) compared with placebo. LIMITATIONS: Only articles published in English that reported cardiovascular event outcomes were included. The small number of studies, the lack of trials designed specifically to assess primary effects on cardiovascular outcomes, and important between-study heterogeneity preclude definitive conclusions.

conclusionEvidence from limited data suggests that vitamin D supplements at moderate to high doses may reduce CVD risk, whereas calcium supplements seem to have minimal cardiovascular effects. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of these supplements in CVD prevention. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: The American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsCalcium, DietaryCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleHumansKidney DiseasesMaleRenal DialysisVitamin DCalcium, DietaryVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID20194238
OpenAlexW1995773136

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.