ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2010
Association of schistosomiasis with false-positive HIV test results in an African adolescent population.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- To err is human, to correct is public health: a systematic review examining poor quality testing and misdiagnosis of HIV status.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- Performance of a rapid and simple HIV testing algorithm in a multicenter phase III microbicide clinical trial.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2011Trial
- Clinical Evaluation of the Healgen Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Test as a Point-of-Care Diagnostic Tool.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- HIV testing algorithm using fourth generation reagents reduces the false positive rate of screening tests.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Misclassification of HIV infection status among serologically diverse populations in Nigeria: implications for test and treat program.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of Determine™ HIV-1/2 rapid test using a 0.01M phosphate-buffered saline produced at the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia for the diagnosis of HIV.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2024Article
- Acute Babesiosis Causing a False-Positive HIV Result: An Unexpected Association.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Antibody Detecting Rapid Diagnostic Tests Show High Cross-Reactivity When Challenged with Pre-Pandemic Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Dengue Samples.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- False reactive HIV-1 diagnostic test results in an individual from Kenya on multiple testing platforms-A case report.IDCases · 2021Article
- HIV serology false positivity among expatriates from Africa: a screening dilemma.Journal of medical microbiology · 2020Article
- Repeated false reactive ADVIA centaur® and bio-rad Geenius™ HIV tests in a patient self-administering anabolic steroids.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Implementing COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Rapid Diagnostic Tests in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- Article
- Alert, but not alarmed - a comment on "Towards more accurate HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-site evaluation of HIV RDTs and risk factors for false positives (Kosack et al. 2017)".Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Towards more accurate HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-site evaluation of HIV RDTs and risk factors for false positives.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Article
- Molecular and immunological characterization of cathepsin L-like cysteine protease of Paragonimus pseudoheterotremus.Parasitology research · 2016Article
- Spectrum of false positivity for the fourth generation human immunodeficiency virus diagnostic tests.AIDS research and therapy · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the factors associated with the high rate of false-positive test results observed with the 4th-generation Murex HIV Ag/Ab Combination EIA (enzyme immunoassay) within an adolescent and young-adult cohort in northwest Tanzania. (4th-generation assays by definition detect both HIV antigen and antibody.) The clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with false-positive HIV results were analyzed for 6,940 Tanzanian adolescents and young adults. A subsample of 284 Murex assay-negative and 240 false-positive serum samples were analyzed for immunological factors, including IgG antibodies to malaria and schistosoma parasites, heterophile antibodies, and rheumatoid factor (RF) titers. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). False-positive HIV test results were associated with evidence of other infections. False positivity was strongly associated with increasing levels of Schistosoma haematobium worm IgG1, with adolescents with optical densities in the top quartile being at the highest risk (adjusted OR=40.7, 95% CI=8.5 to 194.2 compared with the risk for those in the bottom quartile). False positivity was also significantly associated with increasing S. mansoni egg IgG1 titers and RF titers of >or=80 (adjusted OR=8.2, 95% CI=2.8 to 24.3). There was a significant negative association between Murex assay false positivity and the levels of S. mansoni worm IgG1 and IgG2 and Plasmodium falciparum IgG1 and IgG4. In Africa, endemic infections may affect the specificities of immunoassays for HIV infection. Caution should be used when the results of 4th-generation HIV test results are interpreted for African adolescent populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.