ArticleEndocrinology2010
Changes in melanocortin expression and inflammatory pathways in fetal offspring of nonhuman primates fed a high-fat diet.
Article in Endocrinology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Pooled it
- Early-life programming of hypothalamic circuits by maternal obesity: implications for neuroendocrine disorders.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Spontaneous Pregravid Obesity Reshapes Fetal Immune Ontogeny in a Nonhuman Primate Model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Maternal high-fat diet exposure is associated with altered hypothalamic microglial development and reduced early postnatal TGFβ1 signaling in male offspring.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Perinatal Western-style diet exposure associated with altered sensory functional connectivity in infant Japanese macaques.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Maternal Obesity in Pregnancy: Risk Factor for Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Offspring.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Fat sensory cues in early life program central response to food and obesity.Nature metabolism · 2025Article
- The long-term impact of obesity in pregnancy on offspring hypothalamic feeding pathways.Royal Society open science · 2025Review
- Article
- Maternal Nutritional Environment and the Development of the Melanocortin System.Comprehensive Physiology · 2025Review
- Update on Hypothalamic Inflammation and Gliosis: Expanding Evidence of Relevance Beyond Obesity.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Neurodevelopment Is Dependent on Maternal Diet: Placenta and Brain Glucose Transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Associations of radiologic characteristics of the neonatal hypothalamus with early life adiposity gain.Pediatric obesity · 2024Article
- Developmental Programming of the Fetal Immune System by Maternal Western-Style Diet: Mechanisms and Implications for Disease Pathways in the Offspring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- In utero exposure to maternal diabetes or hypertension and childhood hypothalamic gliosis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Article
- Perinatal Western-style diet exposure associated with decreased microglial counts throughout the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in Japanese macaques.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Central and Peripheral Inflammation: A Common Factor Causing Addictive and Neurological Disorders and Aging-Related Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Young adult and aged female rats are vulnerable to amygdala-dependent, but not hippocampus-dependent, memory impairment following short-term high-fat diet.Brain research bulletin · 2023Review
- The Significance of Hypothalamic Inflammation and Gliosis for the Pathogenesis of Obesity in Humans.Endocrine reviews · 2023Review
- Developmental Programming in Animal Models: Critical Evidence of Current Environmental Negative Changes.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Review
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The hypothalamic melanocortin system, which controls appetite and energy expenditure, develops during the third trimester in primates. Thus, maternal nutrition and health may have a profound influence on the development of this system. To study the effects of chronic maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on the development of the melanocortin system in the fetal nonhuman primate, we placed adult female macaques on either a control (CTR) diet or a HFD for up to 4 yr. A subgroup of adult female HFD animals was also switched to CTR diet during the fifth year of the study (diet reversal). Third-trimester fetuses from mothers on HFD showed increases in proopiomelanocortin mRNA expression, whereas agouti-related protein mRNA and peptide levels were decreased in comparison with CTR fetuses. Proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1beta and IL-1 type 1 receptor, and markers of activated microglia were elevated in the hypothalamus, suggesting an activation of the local inflammatory response. Fetuses of diet-reversal mothers had normal melanocortin levels. These results raise the concern that chronic consumption of a HFD during pregnancy, independent of maternal obesity and diabetes, can lead to widespread activation of proinflammatory cytokines that may alter the development of the melanocortin system. The abnormalities in the fetal POMC system, if maintained into the postnatal period, could impact several systems, including body weight homeostasis, stress responses, and cardiovascular function. Indeed, the HFD offspring develop early-onset excess weight gain. These abnormalities may be prevented by healthful nutrient consumption during pregnancy even in obese and severely insulin-resistant individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.