ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2010
Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance Study, 1997 to 2007: a 10.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of Candida Species to fluconazole and voriconazole as determined by CLSI standardized disk diffusion.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 305 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
305 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Candida Drug Resistance in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International wound journal · 2026Pooled it
- Candida tropicalis-A systematic review to inform the World Health Organization of a fungal priority pathogens list.Medical mycology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled analysis of T2 Candida for rapid diagnosis of candidiasis.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Pooled it
- A Synthetic β-Mannan Epitope Enables Immunization and Detection of Candida auris.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
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- Evolution of Candidaemia and azole resistance in Italy: A multicentre retrospective study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
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- The repertoire of yeast species from human clinical samples in the United Kingdom 2016-2022: epidemiology, clinical relevance, and fluconazole resistance.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Clinical factors associated with fluconazole resistance in oral Candida from xerostomic head and neck cancer patients.Odontology · 2026Article
- Sequence Types ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ergosterol-Dependent Membrane Stress and Calcineurin-HSP90 Signaling Govern Fluorinated Sulfone-Induced Cell Death in Candida albicans.Mycopathologia · 2026Article
- Machine learning identifies novel signatures of antifungal drug resistance in Saccharomycotina yeasts.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
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- Molecular Identification, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Species Identification, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Resistance in ClinicalMicroorganisms · 2026Article
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- From the Petri dish to the patient's bedside: interpretingFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Asymptomatic Candiduria due toCase reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
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245 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Fluconazole in vitro susceptibility test results for 256,882 isolates of Candida spp. were collected from 142 sites in 41 countries from June 1997 to December 2007. Data were collected for 197,619 isolates tested with voriconazole from 2001 to 2007. A total of 31 different species of Candida were isolated. Increased rates of isolation of the common non-albicans species C. glabrata (10.2% to 11.7%), C. tropicalis (5.4% to 8.0%), and C. parapsilosis (4.8% to 5.6%) were noted when the time periods 1997 to 2000 and 2005 to 2007 were compared. Investigators tested clinical isolates of Candida spp. by the CLSI M44-A disk diffusion method. Overall, 90.2% of Candida isolates tested were susceptible (S) to fluconazole; however, 13 of 31 species identified exhibited decreased susceptibility (<75% S), similar to that seen with the resistant (R) species C. glabrata and C. krusei. Among 197,619 isolates of Candida spp. tested against voriconazole, 95.0% were S and 3% were R. About 30% of fluconazole-R isolates of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. rugosa, C. lipolytica, C. pelliculosa, C. apicola, C. haemulonii, C. humicola, C. lambica, and C. ciferrii remained S to voriconazole. An increase in fluconazole resistance over time was seen with C. parapsilosis, C. guilliermondii, C. lusitaniae, C. sake, and C. pelliculosa. Among the emerging fluconazole-R species were C. guilliermondii (11.4% R), C. inconspicua (53.2% R), C. rugosa (41.8% R), and C. norvegensis (40.7% R). The rates of isolation of C. rugosa, C. inconspicua, and C. norvegensis increased by 5- to 10-fold over the 10.5-year study period. C. guilliermondii and C. rugosa were most prominent in Latin America, whereas C. inconspicua and C. norvegensis were most common in Eastern European countries. This survey identifies several less-common species of Candida with decreased susceptibility to azoles. These organisms may pose a future threat to optimal antifungal therapy and underscore the importance of prompt and accurate species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing.
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